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# RNode interface class for Python 3
#
# MIT License
#
# Copyright (c) 2020 Mark Qvist - unsigned.io
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
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from time import sleep
import sys
import serial
import threading
import time
import math
class KISS ( ) :
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FEND = 0xC0
FESC = 0xDB
TFEND = 0xDC
TFESC = 0xDD
CMD_UNKNOWN = 0xFE
CMD_DATA = 0x00
CMD_FREQUENCY = 0x01
CMD_BANDWIDTH = 0x02
CMD_TXPOWER = 0x03
CMD_SF = 0x04
CMD_CR = 0x05
CMD_RADIO_STATE = 0x06
CMD_RADIO_LOCK = 0x07
CMD_DETECT = 0x08
CMD_PROMISC = 0x0E
CMD_READY = 0x0F
CMD_STAT_RX = 0x21
CMD_STAT_TX = 0x22
CMD_STAT_RSSI = 0x23
CMD_STAT_SNR = 0x24
CMD_BLINK = 0x30
CMD_RANDOM = 0x40
CMD_FW_VERSION = 0x50
CMD_ROM_READ = 0x51
DETECT_REQ = 0x73
DETECT_RESP = 0x46
RADIO_STATE_OFF = 0x00
RADIO_STATE_ON = 0x01
RADIO_STATE_ASK = 0xFF
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CMD_ERROR = 0x90
ERROR_INITRADIO = 0x01
ERROR_TXFAILED = 0x02
ERROR_EEPROM_LOCKED = 0x03
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@staticmethod
def escape ( data ) :
data = data . replace ( bytes ( [ 0xdb ] ) , bytes ( [ 0xdb , 0xdd ] ) )
data = data . replace ( bytes ( [ 0xc0 ] ) , bytes ( [ 0xdb , 0xdc ] ) )
return data
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class RNodeInterface ( ) :
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MTU = 500
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MAX_CHUNK = 32768
FREQ_MIN = 137000000
FREQ_MAX = 1020000000
LOG_CRITICAL = 0
LOG_ERROR = 1
LOG_WARNING = 2
LOG_NOTICE = 3
LOG_INFO = 4
LOG_VERBOSE = 5
LOG_DEBUG = 6
LOG_EXTREME = 7
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FREQ_MIN = 137000000
FREQ_MAX = 1020000000
RSSI_OFFSET = 157
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CALLSIGN_MAX_LEN = 32
def __init__ ( self , callback , name , port , frequency = None , bandwidth = None , txpower = None , sf = None , cr = None , loglevel = LOG_NOTICE , flow_control = False , id_interval = None , id_callsign = None ) :
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self . serial = None
self . loglevel = loglevel
self . callback = callback
self . name = name
self . port = port
self . speed = 115200
self . databits = 8
self . parity = serial . PARITY_NONE
self . stopbits = 1
self . timeout = 100
self . online = False
self . frequency = frequency
self . bandwidth = bandwidth
self . txpower = txpower
self . sf = sf
self . cr = cr
self . state = KISS . RADIO_STATE_OFF
self . bitrate = 0
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self . last_id = 0
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self . r_frequency = None
self . r_bandwidth = None
self . r_txpower = None
self . r_sf = None
self . r_cr = None
self . r_state = None
self . r_lock = None
self . r_stat_rx = None
self . r_stat_tx = None
self . r_stat_rssi = None
self . r_stat_snr = None
self . r_random = None
self . packet_queue = [ ]
self . flow_control = flow_control
self . interface_ready = False
self . validcfg = True
if ( self . frequency < RNodeInterface . FREQ_MIN or self . frequency > RNodeInterface . FREQ_MAX ) :
self . log ( " Invalid frequency configured for " + str ( self ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if ( self . txpower < 0 or self . txpower > 17 ) :
self . log ( " Invalid TX power configured for " + str ( self ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if ( self . bandwidth < 7800 or self . bandwidth > 500000 ) :
self . log ( " Invalid bandwidth configured for " + str ( self ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if ( self . sf < 7 or self . sf > 12 ) :
self . log ( " Invalid spreading factor configured for " + str ( self ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
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if ( self . cr < 5 or self . cr > 8 ) :
self . log ( " Invalid coding rate configured for " + str ( self ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if id_interval != None and id_callsign != None :
if ( len ( id_callsign . encode ( " utf-8 " ) ) < = RNodeInterface . CALLSIGN_MAX_LEN ) :
self . should_id = True
self . id_callsign = id_callsign
self . id_interval = id_interval
else :
self . log ( " The encoded ID callsign for " + str ( self ) + " exceeds the max length of " + str ( RNodeInterface . CALLSIGN_MAX_LEN ) + " bytes. " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
else :
self . id_interval = None
self . id_callsign = None
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if ( not self . validcfg ) :
raise ValueError ( " The configuration for " + str ( self ) + " contains errors, interface is offline " )
try :
self . log ( " Opening serial port " + self . port + " ... " )
self . serial = serial . Serial (
port = self . port ,
baudrate = self . speed ,
bytesize = self . databits ,
parity = self . parity ,
stopbits = self . stopbits ,
xonxoff = False ,
rtscts = False ,
timeout = 0 ,
inter_byte_timeout = None ,
write_timeout = None ,
dsrdtr = False ,
)
except Exception as e :
self . log ( " Could not open serial port for interface " + str ( self ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
raise e
if self . serial . is_open :
sleep ( 2.0 )
thread = threading . Thread ( target = self . readLoop )
thread . setDaemon ( True )
thread . start ( )
self . online = True
self . log ( " Serial port " + self . port + " is now open " )
self . log ( " Configuring RNode interface... " , RNodeInterface . LOG_VERBOSE )
self . initRadio ( )
if ( self . validateRadioState ( ) ) :
self . interface_ready = True
self . log ( str ( self ) + " is configured and powered up " )
sleep ( 1.0 )
else :
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self . log ( " After configuring " + str ( self ) + " , the reported radio parameters did not match your configuration. " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
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self . log ( " Make sure that your hardware actually supports the parameters specified in the configuration " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . log ( " Aborting RNode startup " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . serial . close ( )
raise IOError ( " RNode interface did not pass validation " )
else :
raise IOError ( " Could not open serial port " )
def log ( self , message , level ) :
pass
def initRadio ( self ) :
self . setFrequency ( )
self . setBandwidth ( )
self . setTXPower ( )
self . setSpreadingFactor ( )
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self . setCodingRate ( )
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self . setRadioState ( KISS . RADIO_STATE_ON )
def setFrequency ( self ) :
c1 = self . frequency >> 24
c2 = self . frequency >> 16 & 0xFF
c3 = self . frequency >> 8 & 0xFF
c4 = self . frequency & 0xFF
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data = KISS . escape ( bytes ( [ c1 ] ) + bytes ( [ c2 ] ) + bytes ( [ c3 ] ) + bytes ( [ c4 ] ) )
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kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] ) + bytes ( [ KISS . CMD_FREQUENCY ] ) + data + bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( kiss_command )
if written != len ( kiss_command ) :
raise IOError ( " An IO error occurred while configuring frequency for " + self ( str ) )
def setBandwidth ( self ) :
c1 = self . bandwidth >> 24
c2 = self . bandwidth >> 16 & 0xFF
c3 = self . bandwidth >> 8 & 0xFF
c4 = self . b andwidth & 0xFF
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data = KISS . escape ( bytes ( [ c1 ] ) + bytes ( [ c2 ] ) + bytes ( [ c3 ] ) + bytes ( [ c4 ] ) )
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kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] ) + bytes ( [ KISS . CMD_BANDWIDTH ] ) + data + bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( kiss_command )
if written != len ( kiss_command ) :
raise IOError ( " An IO error occurred while configuring bandwidth for " + self ( str ) )
def setTXPower ( self ) :
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txp = bytes ( [ self . txpower ] )
kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] ) + bytes ( [ KISS . CMD_TXPOWER ] ) + txp + bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( kiss_command )
if written != len ( kiss_command ) :
raise IOError ( " An IO error occurred while configuring TX power for " + self ( str ) )
def setSpreadingFactor ( self ) :
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sf = bytes ( [ self . sf ] )
kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] ) + bytes ( [ KISS . CMD_SF ] ) + sf + bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( kiss_command )
if written != len ( kiss_command ) :
raise IOError ( " An IO error occurred while configuring spreading factor for " + self ( str ) )
def setCodingRate ( self ) :
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cr = bytes ( [ self . cr ] )
kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] ) + bytes ( [ KISS . CMD_CR ] ) + cr + bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( kiss_command )
if written != len ( kiss_command ) :
raise IOError ( " An IO error occurred while configuring coding rate for " + self ( str ) )
def setRadioState ( self , state ) :
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kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] ) + bytes ( [ KISS . CMD_RADIO_STATE ] ) + bytes ( [ state ] ) + bytes ( [ KISS . FEND ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( kiss_command )
if written != len ( kiss_command ) :
raise IOError ( " An IO error occurred while configuring radio state for " + self ( str ) )
def validateRadioState ( self ) :
self . log ( " Validating radio configuration for " + str ( self ) + " ... " , RNodeInterface . LOG_VERBOSE )
sleep ( 0.25 ) ;
if ( self . frequency != self . r_frequency ) :
self . log ( " Frequency mismatch " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if ( self . bandwidth != self . r_bandwidth ) :
self . log ( " Bandwidth mismatch " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if ( self . txpower != self . r_txpower ) :
self . log ( " TX power mismatch " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if ( self . sf != self . r_sf ) :
self . log ( " Spreading factor mismatch " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . validcfg = False
if ( self . validcfg ) :
return True
else :
return False
def setPromiscuousMode ( self , state ) :
if state == True :
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kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND , KISS . CMD_PROMISC , 0x01 , KISS . FEND ] )
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else :
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kiss_command = bytes ( [ KISS . FEND , KISS . CMD_PROMISC , 0x00 , KISS . FEND ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( kiss_command )
if written != len ( kiss_command ) :
raise IOError ( " An IO error occurred while configuring promiscuous mode for " + self ( str ) )
def updateBitrate ( self ) :
try :
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self . bitrate = self . r_sf * ( ( 4.0 / self . r_cr ) / ( math . pow ( 2 , self . r_sf ) / ( self . r_bandwidth / 1000 ) ) ) * 1000
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self . bitrate_kbps = round ( self . bitrate / 1000.0 , 2 )
self . log ( str ( self ) + " On-air bitrate is now " + str ( self . bitrate_kbps ) + " kbps " , RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG )
except :
self . bitrate = 0
def processIncoming ( self , data ) :
self . callback ( data , self )
def send ( self , data ) :
self . processOutgoing ( data )
def processOutgoing ( self , data ) :
if self . online :
if self . interface_ready :
if self . flow_control :
self . interface_ready = False
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frame = b " "
if self . id_interval != None and self . id_callsign != None :
if self . last_id + self . id_interval < time . time ( ) :
self . last_id = time . time ( )
frame = bytes ( [ 0xc0 ] ) + bytes ( [ 0x00 ] ) + KISS . escape ( self . id_callsign . encode ( " utf-8 " ) ) + bytes ( [ 0xc0 ] )
data = KISS . escape ( data )
frame + = bytes ( [ 0xc0 ] ) + bytes ( [ 0x00 ] ) + data + bytes ( [ 0xc0 ] )
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written = self . serial . write ( frame )
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if written != len ( frame ) :
raise IOError ( " Serial interface only wrote " + str ( written ) + " bytes of " + str ( len ( data ) ) )
else :
self . queue ( data )
def queue ( self , data ) :
self . packet_queue . append ( data )
def process_queue ( self ) :
if len ( self . packet_queue ) > 0 :
data = self . packet_queue . pop ( 0 )
self . interface_ready = True
self . processOutgoing ( data )
elif len ( self . packet_queue ) == 0 :
self . interface_ready = True
def readLoop ( self ) :
try :
in_frame = False
escape = False
command = KISS . CMD_UNKNOWN
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data_buffer = b " "
command_buffer = b " "
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last_read_ms = int ( time . time ( ) * 1000 )
while self . serial . is_open :
if self . serial . in_waiting :
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byte = ord ( self . serial . read ( 1 ) )
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last_read_ms = int ( time . time ( ) * 1000 )
if ( in_frame and byte == KISS . FEND and command == KISS . CMD_DATA ) :
in_frame = False
self . processIncoming ( data_buffer )
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data_buffer = b " "
command_buffer = b " "
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elif ( byte == KISS . FEND ) :
in_frame = True
command = KISS . CMD_UNKNOWN
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data_buffer = b " "
command_buffer = b " "
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elif ( in_frame and len ( data_buffer ) < RNodeInterface . MTU ) :
if ( len ( data_buffer ) == 0 and command == KISS . CMD_UNKNOWN ) :
command = byte
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_DATA ) :
if ( byte == KISS . FESC ) :
escape = True
else :
if ( escape ) :
if ( byte == KISS . TFEND ) :
byte = KISS . FEND
if ( byte == KISS . TFESC ) :
byte = KISS . FESC
escape = False
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data_buffer = data_buffer + bytes ( [ byte ] )
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elif ( command == KISS . CMD_FREQUENCY ) :
if ( byte == KISS . FESC ) :
escape = True
else :
if ( escape ) :
if ( byte == KISS . TFEND ) :
byte = KISS . FEND
if ( byte == KISS . TFESC ) :
byte = KISS . FESC
escape = False
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command_buffer = command_buffer + bytes ( [ byte ] )
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if ( len ( command_buffer ) == 4 ) :
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self . r_frequency = command_buffer [ 0 ] << 24 | command_buffer [ 1 ] << 16 | command_buffer [ 2 ] << 8 | command_buffer [ 3 ]
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " Radio reporting frequency is " + str ( self . r_frequency / 1000000.0 ) + " MHz " , RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG )
self . updateBitrate ( )
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_BANDWIDTH ) :
if ( byte == KISS . FESC ) :
escape = True
else :
if ( escape ) :
if ( byte == KISS . TFEND ) :
byte = KISS . FEND
if ( byte == KISS . TFESC ) :
byte = KISS . FESC
escape = False
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command_buffer = command_buffer + bytes ( [ byte ] )
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if ( len ( command_buffer ) == 4 ) :
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self . r_bandwidth = command_buffer [ 0 ] << 24 | command_buffer [ 1 ] << 16 | command_buffer [ 2 ] << 8 | command_buffer [ 3 ]
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " Radio reporting bandwidth is " + str ( self . r_bandwidth / 1000.0 ) + " KHz " , RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG )
self . updateBitrate ( )
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_TXPOWER ) :
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self . r_txpower = byte
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " Radio reporting TX power is " + str ( self . r_txpower ) + " dBm " , RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG )
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_SF ) :
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self . r_sf = byte
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " Radio reporting spreading factor is " + str ( self . r_sf ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG )
self . updateBitrate ( )
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_CR ) :
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self . r_cr = byte
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " Radio reporting coding rate is " + str ( self . r_cr ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG )
self . updateBitrate ( )
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_RADIO_STATE ) :
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self . r_state = byte
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elif ( command == KISS . CMD_RADIO_LOCK ) :
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self . r_lock = byte
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elif ( command == KISS . CMD_STAT_RX ) :
if ( byte == KISS . FESC ) :
escape = True
else :
if ( escape ) :
if ( byte == KISS . TFEND ) :
byte = KISS . FEND
if ( byte == KISS . TFESC ) :
byte = KISS . FESC
escape = False
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command_buffer = command_buffer + bytes ( [ byte ] )
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if ( len ( command_buffer ) == 4 ) :
self . r_stat_rx = ord ( command_buffer [ 0 ] ) << 24 | ord ( command_buffer [ 1 ] ) << 16 | ord ( command_buffer [ 2 ] ) << 8 | ord ( command_buffer [ 3 ] )
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_STAT_TX ) :
if ( byte == KISS . FESC ) :
escape = True
else :
if ( escape ) :
if ( byte == KISS . TFEND ) :
byte = KISS . FEND
if ( byte == KISS . TFESC ) :
byte = KISS . FESC
escape = False
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command_buffer = command_buffer + bytes ( [ byte ] )
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if ( len ( command_buffer ) == 4 ) :
self . r_stat_tx = ord ( command_buffer [ 0 ] ) << 24 | ord ( command_buffer [ 1 ] ) << 16 | ord ( command_buffer [ 2 ] ) << 8 | ord ( command_buffer [ 3 ] )
elif ( command == KISS . CMD_STAT_RSSI ) :
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self . r_stat_rssi = byte - RNodeInterface . RSSI_OFFSET
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elif ( command == KISS . CMD_STAT_SNR ) :
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self . r_stat_snr = int . from_bytes ( bytes ( [ byte ] ) , byteorder = " big " , signed = True ) * 0.25
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elif ( command == KISS . CMD_RANDOM ) :
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self . r_random = byte
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elif ( command == KISS . CMD_ERROR ) :
if ( byte == KISS . ERROR_INITRADIO ) :
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " hardware initialisation error (code " + RNS . hexrep ( byte ) + " ) " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
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elif ( byte == KISS . ERROR_INITRADIO ) :
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " hardware TX error (code " + RNS . hexrep ( byte ) + " ) " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
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else :
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self . log ( str ( self ) + " hardware error (code " + RNS . hexrep ( byte ) + " ) " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
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elif ( command == KISS . CMD_READY ) :
self . process_queue ( )
else :
time_since_last = int ( time . time ( ) * 1000 ) - last_read_ms
if len ( data_buffer ) > 0 and time_since_last > self . timeout :
self . log ( str ( self ) + " serial read timeout " , RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG )
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data_buffer = b " "
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in_frame = False
command = KISS . CMD_UNKNOWN
escape = False
sleep ( 0.08 )
except Exception as e :
self . online = False
self . log ( " A serial port error occurred, the contained exception was: " + str ( e ) , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
self . log ( " The interface " + str ( self . name ) + " is now offline. " , RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR )
def log ( self , msg , level = 3 ) :
logtimefmt = " % Y- % m- %d % H: % M: % S "
if self . loglevel > = level :
timestamp = time . time ( )
logstring = " [ " + time . strftime ( logtimefmt ) + " ] [ " + self . loglevelname ( level ) + " ] " + msg
print ( logstring )
def loglevelname ( self , level ) :
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_CRITICAL ) :
return " Critical "
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_ERROR ) :
return " Error "
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_WARNING ) :
return " Warning "
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_NOTICE ) :
return " Notice "
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_INFO ) :
return " Info "
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_VERBOSE ) :
return " Verbose "
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_DEBUG ) :
return " Debug "
if ( level == RNodeInterface . LOG_EXTREME ) :
return " Extra "
def hexrep ( data , delimit = True ) :
delimiter = " : "
if not delimit :
delimiter = " "
hexrep = delimiter . join ( " {:02x} " . format ( ord ( c ) ) for c in data )
return hexrep
def __str__ ( self ) :
return " RNodeInterface[ " + self . name + " ] "
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