RNode_Firmware/LoRa.cpp

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// Copyright (c) Sandeep Mistry. All rights reserved.
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// Licensed under the MIT license.
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// Modifications and additions copyright 2023 by Mark Qvist
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// Obviously still under the MIT license.
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#include "LoRa.h"
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#define MCU_1284P 0x91
#define MCU_2560 0x92
#define MCU_ESP32 0x81
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega1284P__)
#define PLATFORM PLATFORM_AVR
#define MCU_VARIANT MCU_1284P
#elif defined(__AVR_ATmega2560__)
#define PLATFORM PLATFORM_AVR
#define MCU_VARIANT MCU_2560
#elif defined(ESP32)
#define PLATFORM PLATFORM_ESP32
#define MCU_VARIANT MCU_ESP32
#endif
#ifndef MCU_VARIANT
#error No MCU variant defined, cannot compile
#endif
#if MCU_VARIANT == MCU_ESP32
#include "soc/rtc_wdt.h"
#define ISR_VECT IRAM_ATTR
#else
#define ISR_VECT
#endif
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// Registers
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#define REG_FIFO 0x00
#define REG_OP_MODE 0x01
#define REG_FRF_MSB 0x06
#define REG_FRF_MID 0x07
#define REG_FRF_LSB 0x08
#define REG_PA_CONFIG 0x09
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#define REG_OCP 0x0b
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#define REG_LNA 0x0c
#define REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR 0x0d
#define REG_FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR 0x0e
#define REG_FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR 0x0f
#define REG_FIFO_RX_CURRENT_ADDR 0x10
#define REG_IRQ_FLAGS 0x12
#define REG_RX_NB_BYTES 0x13
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#define REG_MODEM_STAT 0x18
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#define REG_PKT_SNR_VALUE 0x19
#define REG_PKT_RSSI_VALUE 0x1a
#define REG_RSSI_VALUE 0x1b
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#define REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1 0x1d
#define REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2 0x1e
#define REG_PREAMBLE_MSB 0x20
#define REG_PREAMBLE_LSB 0x21
#define REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH 0x22
#define REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3 0x26
#define REG_FREQ_ERROR_MSB 0x28
#define REG_FREQ_ERROR_MID 0x29
#define REG_FREQ_ERROR_LSB 0x2a
#define REG_RSSI_WIDEBAND 0x2c
#define REG_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE 0x31
#define REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1 0x36
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#define REG_DETECTION_THRESHOLD 0x37
#define REG_SYNC_WORD 0x39
#define REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_2 0x3a
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#define REG_DIO_MAPPING_1 0x40
#define REG_VERSION 0x42
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#define REG_TCXO 0x4b
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#define REG_PA_DAC 0x4d
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// Modes
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#define MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE 0x80
#define MODE_SLEEP 0x00
#define MODE_STDBY 0x01
#define MODE_TX 0x03
#define MODE_RX_CONTINUOUS 0x05
#define MODE_RX_SINGLE 0x06
// PA config
#define PA_BOOST 0x80
// IRQ masks
#define IRQ_TX_DONE_MASK 0x08
#define IRQ_PAYLOAD_CRC_ERROR_MASK 0x20
#define IRQ_RX_DONE_MASK 0x40
#define MAX_PKT_LENGTH 255
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bool lora_preinit_done = false;
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LoRaClass::LoRaClass() :
_spiSettings(8E6, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0),
_ss(LORA_DEFAULT_SS_PIN), _reset(LORA_DEFAULT_RESET_PIN), _dio0(LORA_DEFAULT_DIO0_PIN),
_frequency(0),
_packetIndex(0),
_implicitHeaderMode(0),
_onReceive(NULL)
{
// overide Stream timeout value
setTimeout(0);
}
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bool LoRaClass::preInit() {
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// setup pins
pinMode(_ss, OUTPUT);
// set SS high
digitalWrite(_ss, HIGH);
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SPI.begin();
// check version
uint8_t version = readRegister(REG_VERSION);
if (version != 0x12) {
return false;
}
lora_preinit_done = true;
return true;
}
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int LoRaClass::begin(long frequency)
{
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if (_reset != -1) {
pinMode(_reset, OUTPUT);
// perform reset
digitalWrite(_reset, LOW);
delay(10);
digitalWrite(_reset, HIGH);
delay(10);
}
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if (!lora_preinit_done) {
if (!preInit()) {
return false;
}
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}
// put in sleep mode
sleep();
// set frequency
setFrequency(frequency);
// set base addresses
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR, 0);
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR, 0);
// set LNA boost
writeRegister(REG_LNA, readRegister(REG_LNA) | 0x03);
// set auto AGC
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3, 0x04);
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// set output power to 2 dBm
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setTxPower(2);
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// put in standby mode
idle();
return 1;
}
void LoRaClass::end()
{
// put in sleep mode
sleep();
// stop SPI
SPI.end();
lora_preinit_done = false;
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}
int LoRaClass::beginPacket(int implicitHeader)
{
// put in standby mode
idle();
if (implicitHeader) {
implicitHeaderMode();
} else {
explicitHeaderMode();
}
// reset FIFO address and paload length
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, 0);
writeRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH, 0);
return 1;
}
int LoRaClass::endPacket()
{
// put in TX mode
writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE | MODE_TX);
// wait for TX done
while ((readRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS) & IRQ_TX_DONE_MASK) == 0) {
yield();
}
// clear IRQ's
writeRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS, IRQ_TX_DONE_MASK);
return 1;
}
int LoRaClass::parsePacket(int size)
{
int packetLength = 0;
int irqFlags = readRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS);
if (size > 0) {
implicitHeaderMode();
writeRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH, size & 0xff);
} else {
explicitHeaderMode();
}
// clear IRQ's
writeRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS, irqFlags);
if ((irqFlags & IRQ_RX_DONE_MASK) && (irqFlags & IRQ_PAYLOAD_CRC_ERROR_MASK) == 0) {
// received a packet
_packetIndex = 0;
// read packet length
if (_implicitHeaderMode) {
packetLength = readRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH);
} else {
packetLength = readRegister(REG_RX_NB_BYTES);
}
// set FIFO address to current RX address
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, readRegister(REG_FIFO_RX_CURRENT_ADDR));
// put in standby mode
idle();
} else if (readRegister(REG_OP_MODE) != (MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE | MODE_RX_SINGLE)) {
// not currently in RX mode
// reset FIFO address
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, 0);
// put in single RX mode
writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE | MODE_RX_SINGLE);
}
return packetLength;
}
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uint8_t LoRaClass::modemStatus() {
return readRegister(REG_MODEM_STAT);
}
uint8_t LoRaClass::currentRssiRaw() {
uint8_t rssi = readRegister(REG_RSSI_VALUE);
return rssi;
}
int ISR_VECT LoRaClass::currentRssi() {
int rssi = (int)readRegister(REG_RSSI_VALUE) - RSSI_OFFSET;
if (_frequency < 820E6) rssi -= 7;
return rssi;
}
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uint8_t LoRaClass::packetRssiRaw() {
uint8_t pkt_rssi_value = readRegister(REG_PKT_RSSI_VALUE);
return pkt_rssi_value;
}
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int ISR_VECT LoRaClass::packetRssi() {
int pkt_rssi = (int)readRegister(REG_PKT_RSSI_VALUE) - RSSI_OFFSET;
int pkt_snr = packetSnr();
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if (_frequency < 820E6) pkt_rssi -= 7;
if (pkt_snr < 0) {
pkt_rssi += pkt_snr;
} else {
// Slope correction is (16/15)*pkt_rssi,
// this estimation looses one floating point
// operation, and should be precise enough.
pkt_rssi = (int)(1.066 * pkt_rssi);
}
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return pkt_rssi;
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}
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uint8_t ISR_VECT LoRaClass::packetSnrRaw() {
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return readRegister(REG_PKT_SNR_VALUE);
}
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float ISR_VECT LoRaClass::packetSnr() {
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return ((int8_t)readRegister(REG_PKT_SNR_VALUE)) * 0.25;
}
long LoRaClass::packetFrequencyError()
{
int32_t freqError = 0;
freqError = static_cast<int32_t>(readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_MSB) & B111);
freqError <<= 8L;
freqError += static_cast<int32_t>(readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_MID));
freqError <<= 8L;
freqError += static_cast<int32_t>(readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_LSB));
if (readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_MSB) & B1000) { // Sign bit is on
freqError -= 524288; // B1000'0000'0000'0000'0000
}
const float fXtal = 32E6; // FXOSC: crystal oscillator (XTAL) frequency (2.5. Chip Specification, p. 14)
const float fError = ((static_cast<float>(freqError) * (1L << 24)) / fXtal) * (getSignalBandwidth() / 500000.0f); // p. 37
return static_cast<long>(fError);
}
size_t LoRaClass::write(uint8_t byte)
{
return write(&byte, sizeof(byte));
}
size_t LoRaClass::write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t size)
{
int currentLength = readRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH);
// check size
if ((currentLength + size) > MAX_PKT_LENGTH) {
size = MAX_PKT_LENGTH - currentLength;
}
// write data
for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
writeRegister(REG_FIFO, buffer[i]);
}
// update length
writeRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH, currentLength + size);
return size;
}
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int ISR_VECT LoRaClass::available()
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{
return (readRegister(REG_RX_NB_BYTES) - _packetIndex);
}
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int ISR_VECT LoRaClass::read()
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{
if (!available()) {
return -1;
}
_packetIndex++;
return readRegister(REG_FIFO);
}
int LoRaClass::peek()
{
if (!available()) {
return -1;
}
// store current FIFO address
int currentAddress = readRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR);
// read
uint8_t b = readRegister(REG_FIFO);
// restore FIFO address
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, currentAddress);
return b;
}
void LoRaClass::flush()
{
}
void LoRaClass::onReceive(void(*callback)(int))
{
_onReceive = callback;
if (callback) {
pinMode(_dio0, INPUT);
writeRegister(REG_DIO_MAPPING_1, 0x00);
#ifdef SPI_HAS_NOTUSINGINTERRUPT
SPI.usingInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0));
#endif
attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0), LoRaClass::onDio0Rise, RISING);
} else {
detachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0));
#ifdef SPI_HAS_NOTUSINGINTERRUPT
SPI.notUsingInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0));
#endif
}
}
void LoRaClass::receive(int size)
{
if (size > 0) {
implicitHeaderMode();
writeRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH, size & 0xff);
} else {
explicitHeaderMode();
}
writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE | MODE_RX_CONTINUOUS);
}
void LoRaClass::idle()
{
writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE | MODE_STDBY);
}
void LoRaClass::sleep()
{
writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE | MODE_SLEEP);
}
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void LoRaClass::enableTCXO() {
uint8_t tcxo_reg = readRegister(REG_TCXO);
writeRegister(REG_TCXO, tcxo_reg | 0x10);
}
void LoRaClass::disableTCXO() {
uint8_t tcxo_reg = readRegister(REG_TCXO);
writeRegister(REG_TCXO, tcxo_reg & 0xEF);
}
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void LoRaClass::setTxPower(int level, int outputPin) {
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if (PA_OUTPUT_RFO_PIN == outputPin) {
// RFO
if (level < 0) {
level = 0;
} else if (level > 14) {
level = 14;
}
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writeRegister(REG_PA_DAC, 0x84);
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writeRegister(REG_PA_CONFIG, 0x70 | level);
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} else {
// PA BOOST
if (level < 2) {
level = 2;
} else if (level > 17) {
level = 17;
}
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writeRegister(REG_PA_DAC, 0x84);
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writeRegister(REG_PA_CONFIG, PA_BOOST | (level - 2));
}
}
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uint8_t LoRaClass::getTxPower() {
byte txp = readRegister(REG_PA_CONFIG);
return txp;
}
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void LoRaClass::setFrequency(long frequency) {
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_frequency = frequency;
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uint32_t frf = ((uint64_t)frequency << 19) / 32000000;
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writeRegister(REG_FRF_MSB, (uint8_t)(frf >> 16));
writeRegister(REG_FRF_MID, (uint8_t)(frf >> 8));
writeRegister(REG_FRF_LSB, (uint8_t)(frf >> 0));
optimizeModemSensitivity();
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}
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uint32_t LoRaClass::getFrequency() {
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uint8_t msb = readRegister(REG_FRF_MSB);
uint8_t mid = readRegister(REG_FRF_MID);
uint8_t lsb = readRegister(REG_FRF_LSB);
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uint32_t frf = ((uint32_t)msb << 16) | ((uint32_t)mid << 8) | (uint32_t)lsb;
uint64_t frm = (uint64_t)frf*32000000;
uint32_t frequency = (frm >> 19);
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return frequency;
}
void LoRaClass::setSpreadingFactor(int sf)
{
if (sf < 6) {
sf = 6;
} else if (sf > 12) {
sf = 12;
}
if (sf == 6) {
writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE, 0xc5);
writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_THRESHOLD, 0x0c);
} else {
writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE, 0xc3);
writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_THRESHOLD, 0x0a);
}
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2, (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2) & 0x0f) | ((sf << 4) & 0xf0));
handleLowDataRate();
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}
long LoRaClass::getSignalBandwidth()
{
byte bw = (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1) >> 4);
switch (bw) {
case 0: return 7.8E3;
case 1: return 10.4E3;
case 2: return 15.6E3;
case 3: return 20.8E3;
case 4: return 31.25E3;
case 5: return 41.7E3;
case 6: return 62.5E3;
case 7: return 125E3;
case 8: return 250E3;
case 9: return 500E3;
}
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return 0;
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}
void LoRaClass::handleLowDataRate(){
int sf = (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2) >> 4);
if ( long( (1<<sf) / (getSignalBandwidth()/1000)) > 16) {
// set auto AGC and LowDataRateOptimize
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3, (1<<3)|(1<<2));
}
else {
// set auto AGC
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3, (1<<2));
}
}
void LoRaClass::optimizeModemSensitivity(){
byte bw = (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1) >> 4);
uint32_t freq = getFrequency();
if (bw == 9 && 410E6 <= freq <= 525E6) {
writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1, 0x02);
writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_2, 0x7f);
} else if (bw == 9 && 862E6 <= freq <= 1020E6) {
writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1, 0x02);
writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_2, 0x64);
} else {
writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1, 0x03);
}
}
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void LoRaClass::setSignalBandwidth(long sbw)
{
int bw;
if (sbw <= 7.8E3) {
bw = 0;
} else if (sbw <= 10.4E3) {
bw = 1;
} else if (sbw <= 15.6E3) {
bw = 2;
} else if (sbw <= 20.8E3) {
bw = 3;
} else if (sbw <= 31.25E3) {
bw = 4;
} else if (sbw <= 41.7E3) {
bw = 5;
} else if (sbw <= 62.5E3) {
bw = 6;
} else if (sbw <= 125E3) {
bw = 7;
} else if (sbw <= 250E3) {
bw = 8;
} else /*if (sbw <= 250E3)*/ {
bw = 9;
}
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1, (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1) & 0x0f) | (bw << 4));
handleLowDataRate();
optimizeModemSensitivity();
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}
void LoRaClass::setCodingRate4(int denominator)
{
if (denominator < 5) {
denominator = 5;
} else if (denominator > 8) {
denominator = 8;
}
int cr = denominator - 4;
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1, (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1) & 0xf1) | (cr << 1));
}
void LoRaClass::setPreambleLength(long length)
{
writeRegister(REG_PREAMBLE_MSB, (uint8_t)(length >> 8));
writeRegister(REG_PREAMBLE_LSB, (uint8_t)(length >> 0));
}
void LoRaClass::setSyncWord(int sw)
{
writeRegister(REG_SYNC_WORD, sw);
}
void LoRaClass::enableCrc()
{
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2) | 0x04);
}
void LoRaClass::disableCrc()
{
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2) & 0xfb);
}
byte LoRaClass::random()
{
return readRegister(REG_RSSI_WIDEBAND);
}
void LoRaClass::setPins(int ss, int reset, int dio0)
{
_ss = ss;
_reset = reset;
_dio0 = dio0;
}
void LoRaClass::setSPIFrequency(uint32_t frequency)
{
_spiSettings = SPISettings(frequency, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0);
}
void LoRaClass::dumpRegisters(Stream& out)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 128; i++) {
out.print("0x");
out.print(i, HEX);
out.print(": 0x");
out.println(readRegister(i), HEX);
}
}
void LoRaClass::explicitHeaderMode()
{
_implicitHeaderMode = 0;
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1) & 0xfe);
}
void LoRaClass::implicitHeaderMode()
{
_implicitHeaderMode = 1;
writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1) | 0x01);
}
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void ISR_VECT LoRaClass::handleDio0Rise()
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{
int irqFlags = readRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS);
// clear IRQ's
writeRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS, irqFlags);
if ((irqFlags & IRQ_PAYLOAD_CRC_ERROR_MASK) == 0) {
// received a packet
_packetIndex = 0;
// read packet length
int packetLength = _implicitHeaderMode ? readRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH) : readRegister(REG_RX_NB_BYTES);
// set FIFO address to current RX address
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, readRegister(REG_FIFO_RX_CURRENT_ADDR));
if (_onReceive) {
_onReceive(packetLength);
}
// reset FIFO address
writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, 0);
}
}
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uint8_t ISR_VECT LoRaClass::readRegister(uint8_t address)
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{
return singleTransfer(address & 0x7f, 0x00);
}
void LoRaClass::writeRegister(uint8_t address, uint8_t value)
{
singleTransfer(address | 0x80, value);
}
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uint8_t ISR_VECT LoRaClass::singleTransfer(uint8_t address, uint8_t value)
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{
uint8_t response;
digitalWrite(_ss, LOW);
SPI.beginTransaction(_spiSettings);
SPI.transfer(address);
response = SPI.transfer(value);
SPI.endTransaction();
digitalWrite(_ss, HIGH);
return response;
}
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void ISR_VECT LoRaClass::onDio0Rise()
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{
LoRa.handleDio0Rise();
}
LoRaClass LoRa;