diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index 8e1fe2f..a361594 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -29,5 +29,5 @@ release-tbeam: cp build/esp32.esp32.t-beam/RNode_Firmware.ino.bin build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.bin cp build/esp32.esp32.t-beam/RNode_Firmware.ino.bootloader.bin build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.bootloader cp build/esp32.esp32.t-beam/RNode_Firmware.ino.partitions.bin build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.partitions - zip --junk-paths ./Precompiled/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.zip build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.boot_app0 build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.bin build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.bootloader build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.partitions + zip --junk-paths ./Precompiled/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.zip ./Precompiled/esptool/esptool.py build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.boot_app0 build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.bin build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.bootloader build/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.partitions rm -r build diff --git a/Precompiled/esptool/esptool.py b/Precompiled/esptool/esptool.py new file mode 100755 index 0000000..01176af --- /dev/null +++ b/Precompiled/esptool/esptool.py @@ -0,0 +1,4582 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python +# +# ESP8266 & ESP32 family ROM Bootloader Utility +# Copyright (C) 2014-2021 Fredrik Ahlberg, Angus Gratton, Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD, other contributors as noted. +# https://github.com/espressif/esptool +# +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under +# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software +# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. +# +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT +# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS +# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with +# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin +# Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. + +from __future__ import division, print_function + +import argparse +import base64 +import binascii +import copy +import hashlib +import inspect +import io +import itertools +import os +import shlex +import string +import struct +import sys +import time +import zlib + +try: + import serial +except ImportError: + print("Pyserial is not installed for %s. Check the README for installation instructions." % (sys.executable)) + raise + +# check 'serial' is 'pyserial' and not 'serial' https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/269 +try: + if "serialization" in serial.__doc__ and "deserialization" in serial.__doc__: + raise ImportError(""" +esptool.py depends on pyserial, but there is a conflict with a currently installed package named 'serial'. + +You may be able to work around this by 'pip uninstall serial; pip install pyserial' \ +but this may break other installed Python software that depends on 'serial'. + +There is no good fix for this right now, apart from configuring virtualenvs. \ +See https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/269#issuecomment-385298196 for discussion of the underlying issue(s).""") +except TypeError: + pass # __doc__ returns None for pyserial + +try: + import serial.tools.list_ports as list_ports +except ImportError: + print("The installed version (%s) of pyserial appears to be too old for esptool.py (Python interpreter %s). " + "Check the README for installation instructions." % (sys.VERSION, sys.executable)) + raise +except Exception: + if sys.platform == "darwin": + # swallow the exception, this is a known issue in pyserial+macOS Big Sur preview ref https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/540 + list_ports = None + else: + raise + + +__version__ = "3.1" + +MAX_UINT32 = 0xffffffff +MAX_UINT24 = 0xffffff + +DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 3 # timeout for most flash operations +START_FLASH_TIMEOUT = 20 # timeout for starting flash (may perform erase) +CHIP_ERASE_TIMEOUT = 120 # timeout for full chip erase +MAX_TIMEOUT = CHIP_ERASE_TIMEOUT * 2 # longest any command can run +SYNC_TIMEOUT = 0.1 # timeout for syncing with bootloader +MD5_TIMEOUT_PER_MB = 8 # timeout (per megabyte) for calculating md5sum +ERASE_REGION_TIMEOUT_PER_MB = 30 # timeout (per megabyte) for erasing a region +ERASE_WRITE_TIMEOUT_PER_MB = 40 # timeout (per megabyte) for erasing and writing data +MEM_END_ROM_TIMEOUT = 0.05 # special short timeout for ESP_MEM_END, as it may never respond +DEFAULT_SERIAL_WRITE_TIMEOUT = 10 # timeout for serial port write +DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS = 7 # default number of times to try connection + + +def timeout_per_mb(seconds_per_mb, size_bytes): + """ Scales timeouts which are size-specific """ + result = seconds_per_mb * (size_bytes / 1e6) + if result < DEFAULT_TIMEOUT: + return DEFAULT_TIMEOUT + return result + + +def _chip_to_rom_loader(chip): + return { + 'esp8266': ESP8266ROM, + 'esp32': ESP32ROM, + 'esp32s2': ESP32S2ROM, + 'esp32s3beta2': ESP32S3BETA2ROM, + 'esp32s3beta3': ESP32S3BETA3ROM, + 'esp32c3': ESP32C3ROM, + 'esp32c6beta': ESP32C6BETAROM, + }[chip] + + +def get_default_connected_device(serial_list, port, connect_attempts, initial_baud, chip='auto', trace=False, + before='default_reset'): + _esp = None + for each_port in reversed(serial_list): + print("Serial port %s" % each_port) + try: + if chip == 'auto': + _esp = ESPLoader.detect_chip(each_port, initial_baud, before, trace, + connect_attempts) + else: + chip_class = _chip_to_rom_loader(chip) + _esp = chip_class(each_port, initial_baud, trace) + _esp.connect(before, connect_attempts) + break + except (FatalError, OSError) as err: + if port is not None: + raise + print("%s failed to connect: %s" % (each_port, err)) + _esp = None + return _esp + + +DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES = {0x12: '256KB', 0x13: '512KB', 0x14: '1MB', + 0x15: '2MB', 0x16: '4MB', 0x17: '8MB', + 0x18: '16MB', 0x19: '32MB', 0x1a: '64MB'} + + +def check_supported_function(func, check_func): + """ + Decorator implementation that wraps a check around an ESPLoader + bootloader function to check if it's supported. + + This is used to capture the multidimensional differences in + functionality between the ESP8266 & ESP32/32S2/32S3/32C3 ROM loaders, and the + software stub that runs on both. Not possible to do this cleanly + via inheritance alone. + """ + def inner(*args, **kwargs): + obj = args[0] + if check_func(obj): + return func(*args, **kwargs) + else: + raise NotImplementedInROMError(obj, func) + return inner + + +def stub_function_only(func): + """ Attribute for a function only supported in the software stub loader """ + return check_supported_function(func, lambda o: o.IS_STUB) + + +def stub_and_esp32_function_only(func): + """ Attribute for a function only supported by software stubs or ESP32/32S2/32S3/32C3 ROM """ + return check_supported_function(func, lambda o: o.IS_STUB or isinstance(o, ESP32ROM)) + + +PYTHON2 = sys.version_info[0] < 3 # True if on pre-Python 3 + +# Function to return nth byte of a bitstring +# Different behaviour on Python 2 vs 3 +if PYTHON2: + def byte(bitstr, index): + return ord(bitstr[index]) +else: + def byte(bitstr, index): + return bitstr[index] + +# Provide a 'basestring' class on Python 3 +try: + basestring +except NameError: + basestring = str + + +def print_overwrite(message, last_line=False): + """ Print a message, overwriting the currently printed line. + + If last_line is False, don't append a newline at the end (expecting another subsequent call will overwrite this one.) + + After a sequence of calls with last_line=False, call once with last_line=True. + + If output is not a TTY (for example redirected a pipe), no overwriting happens and this function is the same as print(). + """ + if sys.stdout.isatty(): + print("\r%s" % message, end='\n' if last_line else '') + else: + print(message) + + +def _mask_to_shift(mask): + """ Return the index of the least significant bit in the mask """ + shift = 0 + while mask & 0x1 == 0: + shift += 1 + mask >>= 1 + return shift + + +def esp8266_function_only(func): + """ Attribute for a function only supported on ESP8266 """ + return check_supported_function(func, lambda o: o.CHIP_NAME == "ESP8266") + + +class ESPLoader(object): + """ Base class providing access to ESP ROM & software stub bootloaders. + Subclasses provide ESP8266 & ESP32 specific functionality. + + Don't instantiate this base class directly, either instantiate a subclass or + call ESPLoader.detect_chip() which will interrogate the chip and return the + appropriate subclass instance. + + """ + CHIP_NAME = "Espressif device" + IS_STUB = False + + DEFAULT_PORT = "/dev/ttyUSB0" + + # Commands supported by ESP8266 ROM bootloader + ESP_FLASH_BEGIN = 0x02 + ESP_FLASH_DATA = 0x03 + ESP_FLASH_END = 0x04 + ESP_MEM_BEGIN = 0x05 + ESP_MEM_END = 0x06 + ESP_MEM_DATA = 0x07 + ESP_SYNC = 0x08 + ESP_WRITE_REG = 0x09 + ESP_READ_REG = 0x0a + + # Some comands supported by ESP32 ROM bootloader (or -8266 w/ stub) + ESP_SPI_SET_PARAMS = 0x0B + ESP_SPI_ATTACH = 0x0D + ESP_READ_FLASH_SLOW = 0x0e # ROM only, much slower than the stub flash read + ESP_CHANGE_BAUDRATE = 0x0F + ESP_FLASH_DEFL_BEGIN = 0x10 + ESP_FLASH_DEFL_DATA = 0x11 + ESP_FLASH_DEFL_END = 0x12 + ESP_SPI_FLASH_MD5 = 0x13 + + # Commands supported by ESP32-S2/S3/C3/C6 ROM bootloader only + ESP_GET_SECURITY_INFO = 0x14 + + # Some commands supported by stub only + ESP_ERASE_FLASH = 0xD0 + ESP_ERASE_REGION = 0xD1 + ESP_READ_FLASH = 0xD2 + ESP_RUN_USER_CODE = 0xD3 + + # Flash encryption encrypted data command + ESP_FLASH_ENCRYPT_DATA = 0xD4 + + # Response code(s) sent by ROM + ROM_INVALID_RECV_MSG = 0x05 # response if an invalid message is received + + # Maximum block sized for RAM and Flash writes, respectively. + ESP_RAM_BLOCK = 0x1800 + + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x400 + + # Default baudrate. The ROM auto-bauds, so we can use more or less whatever we want. + ESP_ROM_BAUD = 115200 + + # First byte of the application image + ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC = 0xe9 + + # Initial state for the checksum routine + ESP_CHECKSUM_MAGIC = 0xef + + # Flash sector size, minimum unit of erase. + FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE = 0x1000 + + UART_DATE_REG_ADDR = 0x60000078 + + CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_REG_ADDR = 0x40001000 # This ROM address has a different value on each chip model + + UART_CLKDIV_MASK = 0xFFFFF + + # Memory addresses + IROM_MAP_START = 0x40200000 + IROM_MAP_END = 0x40300000 + + # The number of bytes in the UART response that signify command status + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 + + # Response to ESP_SYNC might indicate that flasher stub is running instead of the ROM bootloader + sync_stub_detected = False + + # Device PIDs + USB_JTAG_SERIAL_PID = 0x1001 + + def __init__(self, port=DEFAULT_PORT, baud=ESP_ROM_BAUD, trace_enabled=False): + """Base constructor for ESPLoader bootloader interaction + + Don't call this constructor, either instantiate ESP8266ROM + or ESP32ROM, or use ESPLoader.detect_chip(). + + This base class has all of the instance methods for bootloader + functionality supported across various chips & stub + loaders. Subclasses replace the functions they don't support + with ones which throw NotImplementedInROMError(). + + """ + self.secure_download_mode = False # flag is set to True if esptool detects the ROM is in Secure Download Mode + + if isinstance(port, basestring): + self._port = serial.serial_for_url(port) + else: + self._port = port + self._slip_reader = slip_reader(self._port, self.trace) + # setting baud rate in a separate step is a workaround for + # CH341 driver on some Linux versions (this opens at 9600 then + # sets), shouldn't matter for other platforms/drivers. See + # https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/44#issuecomment-107094446 + self._set_port_baudrate(baud) + self._trace_enabled = trace_enabled + # set write timeout, to prevent esptool blocked at write forever. + try: + self._port.write_timeout = DEFAULT_SERIAL_WRITE_TIMEOUT + except NotImplementedError: + # no write timeout for RFC2217 ports + # need to set the property back to None or it will continue to fail + self._port.write_timeout = None + + @property + def serial_port(self): + return self._port.port + + def _set_port_baudrate(self, baud): + try: + self._port.baudrate = baud + except IOError: + raise FatalError("Failed to set baud rate %d. The driver may not support this rate." % baud) + + @staticmethod + def detect_chip(port=DEFAULT_PORT, baud=ESP_ROM_BAUD, connect_mode='default_reset', trace_enabled=False, + connect_attempts=DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS): + """ Use serial access to detect the chip type. + + We use the UART's datecode register for this, it's mapped at + the same address on ESP8266 & ESP32 so we can use one + memory read and compare to the datecode register for each chip + type. + + This routine automatically performs ESPLoader.connect() (passing + connect_mode parameter) as part of querying the chip. + """ + detect_port = ESPLoader(port, baud, trace_enabled=trace_enabled) + detect_port.connect(connect_mode, connect_attempts, detecting=True) + try: + print('Detecting chip type...', end='') + sys.stdout.flush() + chip_magic_value = detect_port.read_reg(ESPLoader.CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_REG_ADDR) + + for cls in [ESP8266ROM, ESP32ROM, ESP32S2ROM, ESP32S3BETA2ROM, ESP32S3BETA3ROM, ESP32C3ROM, ESP32C6BETAROM]: + if chip_magic_value in cls.CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE: + # don't connect a second time + inst = cls(detect_port._port, baud, trace_enabled=trace_enabled) + inst._post_connect() + print(' %s' % inst.CHIP_NAME, end='') + if detect_port.sync_stub_detected: + inst = inst.STUB_CLASS(inst) + inst.sync_stub_detected = True + return inst + except UnsupportedCommandError: + raise FatalError("Unsupported Command Error received. Probably this means Secure Download Mode is enabled, " + "autodetection will not work. Need to manually specify the chip.") + finally: + print('') # end line + raise FatalError("Unexpected CHIP magic value 0x%08x. Failed to autodetect chip type." % (chip_magic_value)) + + """ Read a SLIP packet from the serial port """ + def read(self): + return next(self._slip_reader) + + """ Write bytes to the serial port while performing SLIP escaping """ + def write(self, packet): + buf = b'\xc0' \ + + (packet.replace(b'\xdb', b'\xdb\xdd').replace(b'\xc0', b'\xdb\xdc')) \ + + b'\xc0' + self.trace("Write %d bytes: %s", len(buf), HexFormatter(buf)) + self._port.write(buf) + + def trace(self, message, *format_args): + if self._trace_enabled: + now = time.time() + try: + + delta = now - self._last_trace + except AttributeError: + delta = 0.0 + self._last_trace = now + prefix = "TRACE +%.3f " % delta + print(prefix + (message % format_args)) + + """ Calculate checksum of a blob, as it is defined by the ROM """ + @staticmethod + def checksum(data, state=ESP_CHECKSUM_MAGIC): + for b in data: + if type(b) is int: # python 2/3 compat + state ^= b + else: + state ^= ord(b) + + return state + + """ Send a request and read the response """ + def command(self, op=None, data=b"", chk=0, wait_response=True, timeout=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT): + saved_timeout = self._port.timeout + new_timeout = min(timeout, MAX_TIMEOUT) + if new_timeout != saved_timeout: + self._port.timeout = new_timeout + + try: + if op is not None: + self.trace("command op=0x%02x data len=%s wait_response=%d timeout=%.3f data=%s", + op, len(data), 1 if wait_response else 0, timeout, HexFormatter(data)) + pkt = struct.pack(b' self.STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH: + return data[:-self.STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH] + else: # otherwise, just return the 'val' field which comes from the reply header (this is used by read_reg) + return val + + def flush_input(self): + self._port.flushInput() + self._slip_reader = slip_reader(self._port, self.trace) + + def sync(self): + val, _ = self.command(self.ESP_SYNC, b'\x07\x07\x12\x20' + 32 * b'\x55', + timeout=SYNC_TIMEOUT) + + # ROM bootloaders send some non-zero "val" response. The flasher stub sends 0. If we receive 0 then it + # probably indicates that the chip wasn't or couldn't be reseted properly and esptool is talking to the + # flasher stub. + self.sync_stub_detected = val == 0 + + for _ in range(7): + val, _ = self.command() + self.sync_stub_detected &= val == 0 + + def _setDTR(self, state): + self._port.setDTR(state) + + def _setRTS(self, state): + self._port.setRTS(state) + # Work-around for adapters on Windows using the usbser.sys driver: + # generate a dummy change to DTR so that the set-control-line-state + # request is sent with the updated RTS state and the same DTR state + self._port.setDTR(self._port.dtr) + + def _get_pid(self): + if list_ports is None: + print("\nListing all serial ports is currently not available. Can't get device PID.") + return + active_port = self._port.port + + # Pyserial only identifies regular ports, URL handlers are not supported + if not active_port.startswith(("COM", "/dev/")): + print("\nDevice PID identification is only supported on COM and /dev/ serial ports.") + return + # Return the real path if the active port is a symlink + if active_port.startswith("/dev/") and os.path.islink(active_port): + active_port = os.path.realpath(active_port) + + ports = list_ports.comports() + for p in ports: + if p.device == active_port: + return p.pid + print("\nFailed to get PID of a device on {}, using standard reset sequence.".format(active_port)) + + def bootloader_reset(self, esp32r0_delay=False, usb_jtag_serial=False): + """ Issue a reset-to-bootloader, with esp32r0 workaround options + and USB-JTAG-Serial custom reset sequence option + """ + # RTS = either CH_PD/EN or nRESET (both active low = chip in reset) + # DTR = GPIO0 (active low = boot to flasher) + # + # DTR & RTS are active low signals, + # ie True = pin @ 0V, False = pin @ VCC. + if usb_jtag_serial: + # Custom reset sequence, which is required when the device + # is connecting via its USB-JTAG-Serial peripheral + self._setRTS(False) + self._setDTR(False) # Idle + time.sleep(0.1) + self._setDTR(True) # Set IO0 + self._setRTS(False) + time.sleep(0.1) + self._setRTS(True) # Reset. Note dtr/rts calls inverted so we go through (1,1) instead of (0,0) + self._setDTR(False) + self._setRTS(True) # Extra RTS set for RTS as Windows only propagates DTR on RTS setting + time.sleep(0.1) + self._setDTR(False) + self._setRTS(False) + else: + self._setDTR(False) # IO0=HIGH + self._setRTS(True) # EN=LOW, chip in reset + time.sleep(0.1) + if esp32r0_delay: + # Some chips are more likely to trigger the esp32r0 + # watchdog reset silicon bug if they're held with EN=LOW + # for a longer period + time.sleep(1.2) + self._setDTR(True) # IO0=LOW + self._setRTS(False) # EN=HIGH, chip out of reset + if esp32r0_delay: + # Sleep longer after reset. + # This workaround only works on revision 0 ESP32 chips, + # it exploits a silicon bug spurious watchdog reset. + time.sleep(0.4) # allow watchdog reset to occur + time.sleep(0.05) + self._setDTR(False) # IO0=HIGH, done + + def _connect_attempt(self, mode='default_reset', esp32r0_delay=False, usb_jtag_serial=False): + """ A single connection attempt, with esp32r0 workaround options """ + # esp32r0_delay is a workaround for bugs with the most common auto reset + # circuit and Windows, if the EN pin on the dev board does not have + # enough capacitance. + # + # Newer dev boards shouldn't have this problem (higher value capacitor + # on the EN pin), and ESP32 revision 1 can't use this workaround as it + # relies on a silicon bug. + # + # Details: https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/136 + last_error = None + + # If we're doing no_sync, we're likely communicating as a pass through + # with an intermediate device to the ESP32 + if mode == "no_reset_no_sync": + return last_error + + if mode != 'no_reset': + self.bootloader_reset(esp32r0_delay, usb_jtag_serial) + + for _ in range(5): + try: + self.flush_input() + self._port.flushOutput() + self.sync() + return None + except FatalError as e: + if esp32r0_delay: + print('_', end='') + else: + print('.', end='') + sys.stdout.flush() + time.sleep(0.05) + last_error = e + return last_error + + def get_memory_region(self, name): + """ Returns a tuple of (start, end) for the memory map entry with the given name, or None if it doesn't exist + """ + try: + return [(start, end) for (start, end, n) in self.MEMORY_MAP if n == name][0] + except IndexError: + return None + + def connect(self, mode='default_reset', attempts=DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS, detecting=False): + """ Try connecting repeatedly until successful, or giving up """ + if mode in ['no_reset', 'no_reset_no_sync']: + print('WARNING: Pre-connection option "{}" was selected.'.format(mode), + 'Connection may fail if the chip is not in bootloader or flasher stub mode.') + print('Connecting...', end='') + sys.stdout.flush() + last_error = None + + usb_jtag_serial = (mode == 'usb_reset') or (self._get_pid() == self.USB_JTAG_SERIAL_PID) + + try: + for _ in range(attempts) if attempts > 0 else itertools.count(): + last_error = self._connect_attempt(mode=mode, esp32r0_delay=False, usb_jtag_serial=usb_jtag_serial) + if last_error is None: + break + last_error = self._connect_attempt(mode=mode, esp32r0_delay=True, usb_jtag_serial=usb_jtag_serial) + if last_error is None: + break + finally: + print('') # end 'Connecting...' line + + if last_error is not None: + raise FatalError('Failed to connect to %s: %s' % (self.CHIP_NAME, last_error)) + + if not detecting: + try: + # check the date code registers match what we expect to see + chip_magic_value = self.read_reg(ESPLoader.CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_REG_ADDR) + if chip_magic_value not in self.CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE: + actually = None + for cls in [ESP8266ROM, ESP32ROM, ESP32S2ROM, ESP32S3BETA2ROM, ESP32S3BETA3ROM, ESP32C3ROM]: + if chip_magic_value in cls.CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE: + actually = cls + break + if actually is None: + print(("WARNING: This chip doesn't appear to be a %s (chip magic value 0x%08x). " + "Probably it is unsupported by this version of esptool.") % (self.CHIP_NAME, chip_magic_value)) + else: + raise FatalError("This chip is %s not %s. Wrong --chip argument?" % (actually.CHIP_NAME, self.CHIP_NAME)) + except UnsupportedCommandError: + self.secure_download_mode = True + self._post_connect() + + def _post_connect(self): + """ + Additional initialization hook, may be overridden by the chip-specific class. + Gets called after connect, and after auto-detection. + """ + pass + + def read_reg(self, addr, timeout=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT): + """ Read memory address in target """ + # we don't call check_command here because read_reg() function is called + # when detecting chip type, and the way we check for success (STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH) is different + # for different chip types (!) + val, data = self.command(self.ESP_READ_REG, struct.pack(' 0: + # add a dummy write to a date register as an excuse to have a delay + command += struct.pack(' start: + raise FatalError(("Software loader is resident at 0x%08x-0x%08x. " + "Can't load binary at overlapping address range 0x%08x-0x%08x. " + "Either change binary loading address, or use the --no-stub " + "option to disable the software loader.") % (start, end, load_start, load_end)) + + return self.check_command("enter RAM download mode", self.ESP_MEM_BEGIN, + struct.pack(' length: + raise FatalError('Read more than expected') + + digest_frame = self.read() + if len(digest_frame) != 16: + raise FatalError('Expected digest, got: %s' % hexify(digest_frame)) + expected_digest = hexify(digest_frame).upper() + digest = hashlib.md5(data).hexdigest().upper() + if digest != expected_digest: + raise FatalError('Digest mismatch: expected %s, got %s' % (expected_digest, digest)) + return data + + def flash_spi_attach(self, hspi_arg): + """Send SPI attach command to enable the SPI flash pins + + ESP8266 ROM does this when you send flash_begin, ESP32 ROM + has it as a SPI command. + """ + # last 3 bytes in ESP_SPI_ATTACH argument are reserved values + arg = struct.pack(' 0: + self.write_reg(SPI_MOSI_DLEN_REG, mosi_bits - 1) + if miso_bits > 0: + self.write_reg(SPI_MISO_DLEN_REG, miso_bits - 1) + else: + + def set_data_lengths(mosi_bits, miso_bits): + SPI_DATA_LEN_REG = SPI_USR1_REG + SPI_MOSI_BITLEN_S = 17 + SPI_MISO_BITLEN_S = 8 + mosi_mask = 0 if (mosi_bits == 0) else (mosi_bits - 1) + miso_mask = 0 if (miso_bits == 0) else (miso_bits - 1) + self.write_reg(SPI_DATA_LEN_REG, + (miso_mask << SPI_MISO_BITLEN_S) | ( + mosi_mask << SPI_MOSI_BITLEN_S)) + + # SPI peripheral "command" bitmasks for SPI_CMD_REG + SPI_CMD_USR = (1 << 18) + + # shift values + SPI_USR2_COMMAND_LEN_SHIFT = 28 + + if read_bits > 32: + raise FatalError("Reading more than 32 bits back from a SPI flash operation is unsupported") + if len(data) > 64: + raise FatalError("Writing more than 64 bytes of data with one SPI command is unsupported") + + data_bits = len(data) * 8 + old_spi_usr = self.read_reg(SPI_USR_REG) + old_spi_usr2 = self.read_reg(SPI_USR2_REG) + flags = SPI_USR_COMMAND + if read_bits > 0: + flags |= SPI_USR_MISO + if data_bits > 0: + flags |= SPI_USR_MOSI + set_data_lengths(data_bits, read_bits) + self.write_reg(SPI_USR_REG, flags) + self.write_reg(SPI_USR2_REG, + (7 << SPI_USR2_COMMAND_LEN_SHIFT) | spiflash_command) + if data_bits == 0: + self.write_reg(SPI_W0_REG, 0) # clear data register before we read it + else: + data = pad_to(data, 4, b'\00') # pad to 32-bit multiple + words = struct.unpack("I" * (len(data) // 4), data) + next_reg = SPI_W0_REG + for word in words: + self.write_reg(next_reg, word) + next_reg += 4 + self.write_reg(SPI_CMD_REG, SPI_CMD_USR) + + def wait_done(): + for _ in range(10): + if (self.read_reg(SPI_CMD_REG) & SPI_CMD_USR) == 0: + return + raise FatalError("SPI command did not complete in time") + wait_done() + + status = self.read_reg(SPI_W0_REG) + # restore some SPI controller registers + self.write_reg(SPI_USR_REG, old_spi_usr) + self.write_reg(SPI_USR2_REG, old_spi_usr2) + return status + + def read_status(self, num_bytes=2): + """Read up to 24 bits (num_bytes) of SPI flash status register contents + via RDSR, RDSR2, RDSR3 commands + + Not all SPI flash supports all three commands. The upper 1 or 2 + bytes may be 0xFF. + """ + SPIFLASH_RDSR = 0x05 + SPIFLASH_RDSR2 = 0x35 + SPIFLASH_RDSR3 = 0x15 + + status = 0 + shift = 0 + for cmd in [SPIFLASH_RDSR, SPIFLASH_RDSR2, SPIFLASH_RDSR3][0:num_bytes]: + status += self.run_spiflash_command(cmd, read_bits=8) << shift + shift += 8 + return status + + def write_status(self, new_status, num_bytes=2, set_non_volatile=False): + """Write up to 24 bits (num_bytes) of new status register + + num_bytes can be 1, 2 or 3. + + Not all flash supports the additional commands to write the + second and third byte of the status register. When writing 2 + bytes, esptool also sends a 16-byte WRSR command (as some + flash types use this instead of WRSR2.) + + If the set_non_volatile flag is set, non-volatile bits will + be set as well as volatile ones (WREN used instead of WEVSR). + + """ + SPIFLASH_WRSR = 0x01 + SPIFLASH_WRSR2 = 0x31 + SPIFLASH_WRSR3 = 0x11 + SPIFLASH_WEVSR = 0x50 + SPIFLASH_WREN = 0x06 + SPIFLASH_WRDI = 0x04 + + enable_cmd = SPIFLASH_WREN if set_non_volatile else SPIFLASH_WEVSR + + # try using a 16-bit WRSR (not supported by all chips) + # this may be redundant, but shouldn't hurt + if num_bytes == 2: + self.run_spiflash_command(enable_cmd) + self.run_spiflash_command(SPIFLASH_WRSR, struct.pack(">= 8 + + self.run_spiflash_command(SPIFLASH_WRDI) + + def get_crystal_freq(self): + # Figure out the crystal frequency from the UART clock divider + # Returns a normalized value in integer MHz (40 or 26 are the only supported values) + # + # The logic here is: + # - We know that our baud rate and the ESP UART baud rate are roughly the same, or we couldn't communicate + # - We can read the UART clock divider register to know how the ESP derives this from the APB bus frequency + # - Multiplying these two together gives us the bus frequency which is either the crystal frequency (ESP32) + # or double the crystal frequency (ESP8266). See the self.XTAL_CLK_DIVIDER parameter for this factor. + uart_div = self.read_reg(self.UART_CLKDIV_REG) & self.UART_CLKDIV_MASK + est_xtal = (self._port.baudrate * uart_div) / 1e6 / self.XTAL_CLK_DIVIDER + norm_xtal = 40 if est_xtal > 33 else 26 + if abs(norm_xtal - est_xtal) > 1: + print("WARNING: Detected crystal freq %.2fMHz is quite different to normalized freq %dMHz. Unsupported crystal in use?" % (est_xtal, norm_xtal)) + return norm_xtal + + def hard_reset(self): + print('Hard resetting via RTS pin...') + self._setRTS(True) # EN->LOW + time.sleep(0.1) + self._setRTS(False) + + def soft_reset(self, stay_in_bootloader): + if not self.IS_STUB: + if stay_in_bootloader: + return # ROM bootloader is already in bootloader! + else: + # 'run user code' is as close to a soft reset as we can do + self.flash_begin(0, 0) + self.flash_finish(False) + else: + if stay_in_bootloader: + # soft resetting from the stub loader + # will re-load the ROM bootloader + self.flash_begin(0, 0) + self.flash_finish(True) + elif self.CHIP_NAME != "ESP8266": + raise FatalError("Soft resetting is currently only supported on ESP8266") + else: + # running user code from stub loader requires some hacks + # in the stub loader + self.command(self.ESP_RUN_USER_CODE, wait_response=False) + + +class ESP8266ROM(ESPLoader): + """ Access class for ESP8266 ROM bootloader + """ + CHIP_NAME = "ESP8266" + IS_STUB = False + + CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0xfff0c101] + + # OTP ROM addresses + ESP_OTP_MAC0 = 0x3ff00050 + ESP_OTP_MAC1 = 0x3ff00054 + ESP_OTP_MAC3 = 0x3ff0005c + + SPI_REG_BASE = 0x60000200 + SPI_USR_OFFS = 0x1c + SPI_USR1_OFFS = 0x20 + SPI_USR2_OFFS = 0x24 + SPI_MOSI_DLEN_OFFS = None + SPI_MISO_DLEN_OFFS = None + SPI_W0_OFFS = 0x40 + + UART_CLKDIV_REG = 0x60000014 + + XTAL_CLK_DIVIDER = 2 + + FLASH_SIZES = { + '512KB': 0x00, + '256KB': 0x10, + '1MB': 0x20, + '2MB': 0x30, + '4MB': 0x40, + '2MB-c1': 0x50, + '4MB-c1': 0x60, + '8MB': 0x80, + '16MB': 0x90, + } + + BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET = 0 + + MEMORY_MAP = [[0x3FF00000, 0x3FF00010, "DPORT"], + [0x3FFE8000, 0x40000000, "DRAM"], + [0x40100000, 0x40108000, "IRAM"], + [0x40201010, 0x402E1010, "IROM"]] + + def get_efuses(self): + # Return the 128 bits of ESP8266 efuse as a single Python integer + result = self.read_reg(0x3ff0005c) << 96 + result |= self.read_reg(0x3ff00058) << 64 + result |= self.read_reg(0x3ff00054) << 32 + result |= self.read_reg(0x3ff00050) + return result + + def _get_flash_size(self, efuses): + # rX_Y = EFUSE_DATA_OUTX[Y] + r0_4 = (efuses & (1 << 4)) != 0 + r3_25 = (efuses & (1 << 121)) != 0 + r3_26 = (efuses & (1 << 122)) != 0 + r3_27 = (efuses & (1 << 123)) != 0 + + if r0_4 and not r3_25: + if not r3_27 and not r3_26: + return 1 + elif not r3_27 and r3_26: + return 2 + if not r0_4 and r3_25: + if not r3_27 and not r3_26: + return 2 + elif not r3_27 and r3_26: + return 4 + return -1 + + def get_chip_description(self): + efuses = self.get_efuses() + is_8285 = (efuses & ((1 << 4) | 1 << 80)) != 0 # One or the other efuse bit is set for ESP8285 + if is_8285: + flash_size = self._get_flash_size(efuses) + max_temp = (efuses & (1 << 5)) != 0 # This efuse bit identifies the max flash temperature + chip_name = { + 1: "ESP8285H08" if max_temp else "ESP8285N08", + 2: "ESP8285H16" if max_temp else "ESP8285N16" + }.get(flash_size, "ESP8285") + return chip_name + return "ESP8266EX" + + def get_chip_features(self): + features = ["WiFi"] + if "ESP8285" in self.get_chip_description(): + features += ["Embedded Flash"] + return features + + def flash_spi_attach(self, hspi_arg): + if self.IS_STUB: + super(ESP8266ROM, self).flash_spi_attach(hspi_arg) + else: + # ESP8266 ROM has no flash_spi_attach command in serial protocol, + # but flash_begin will do it + self.flash_begin(0, 0) + + def flash_set_parameters(self, size): + # not implemented in ROM, but OK to silently skip for ROM + if self.IS_STUB: + super(ESP8266ROM, self).flash_set_parameters(size) + + def chip_id(self): + """ Read Chip ID from efuse - the equivalent of the SDK system_get_chip_id() function """ + id0 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC0) + id1 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC1) + return (id0 >> 24) | ((id1 & MAX_UINT24) << 8) + + def read_mac(self): + """ Read MAC from OTP ROM """ + mac0 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC0) + mac1 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC1) + mac3 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC3) + if (mac3 != 0): + oui = ((mac3 >> 16) & 0xff, (mac3 >> 8) & 0xff, mac3 & 0xff) + elif ((mac1 >> 16) & 0xff) == 0: + oui = (0x18, 0xfe, 0x34) + elif ((mac1 >> 16) & 0xff) == 1: + oui = (0xac, 0xd0, 0x74) + else: + raise FatalError("Unknown OUI") + return oui + ((mac1 >> 8) & 0xff, mac1 & 0xff, (mac0 >> 24) & 0xff) + + def get_erase_size(self, offset, size): + """ Calculate an erase size given a specific size in bytes. + + Provides a workaround for the bootloader erase bug.""" + + sectors_per_block = 16 + sector_size = self.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE + num_sectors = (size + sector_size - 1) // sector_size + start_sector = offset // sector_size + + head_sectors = sectors_per_block - (start_sector % sectors_per_block) + if num_sectors < head_sectors: + head_sectors = num_sectors + + if num_sectors < 2 * head_sectors: + return (num_sectors + 1) // 2 * sector_size + else: + return (num_sectors - head_sectors) * sector_size + + def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage): + raise NotImplementedInROMError("Overriding VDDSDIO setting only applies to ESP32") + + +class ESP8266StubLoader(ESP8266ROM): + """ Access class for ESP8266 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self.secure_download_mode = rom_loader.secure_download_mode + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + def get_erase_size(self, offset, size): + return size # stub doesn't have same size bug as ROM loader + + +ESP8266ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP8266StubLoader + + +class ESP32ROM(ESPLoader): + """Access class for ESP32 ROM bootloader + + """ + CHIP_NAME = "ESP32" + IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 0 + IS_STUB = False + + CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x00f01d83] + + IROM_MAP_START = 0x400d0000 + IROM_MAP_END = 0x40400000 + + DROM_MAP_START = 0x3F400000 + DROM_MAP_END = 0x3F800000 + + # ESP32 uses a 4 byte status reply + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 4 + + SPI_REG_BASE = 0x3ff42000 + SPI_USR_OFFS = 0x1c + SPI_USR1_OFFS = 0x20 + SPI_USR2_OFFS = 0x24 + SPI_MOSI_DLEN_OFFS = 0x28 + SPI_MISO_DLEN_OFFS = 0x2c + EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE = 0x3ff5a000 + + EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT_REG = EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE + 0x18 + EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT = (1 << 7) # EFUSE_RD_DISABLE_DL_ENCRYPT + + DR_REG_SYSCON_BASE = 0x3ff66000 + + SPI_W0_OFFS = 0x80 + + UART_CLKDIV_REG = 0x3ff40014 + + XTAL_CLK_DIVIDER = 1 + + FLASH_SIZES = { + '1MB': 0x00, + '2MB': 0x10, + '4MB': 0x20, + '8MB': 0x30, + '16MB': 0x40 + } + + BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET = 0x1000 + + OVERRIDE_VDDSDIO_CHOICES = ["1.8V", "1.9V", "OFF"] + + MEMORY_MAP = [[0x00000000, 0x00010000, "PADDING"], + [0x3F400000, 0x3F800000, "DROM"], + [0x3F800000, 0x3FC00000, "EXTRAM_DATA"], + [0x3FF80000, 0x3FF82000, "RTC_DRAM"], + [0x3FF90000, 0x40000000, "BYTE_ACCESSIBLE"], + [0x3FFAE000, 0x40000000, "DRAM"], + [0x3FFE0000, 0x3FFFFFFC, "DIRAM_DRAM"], + [0x40000000, 0x40070000, "IROM"], + [0x40070000, 0x40078000, "CACHE_PRO"], + [0x40078000, 0x40080000, "CACHE_APP"], + [0x40080000, 0x400A0000, "IRAM"], + [0x400A0000, 0x400BFFFC, "DIRAM_IRAM"], + [0x400C0000, 0x400C2000, "RTC_IRAM"], + [0x400D0000, 0x40400000, "IROM"], + [0x50000000, 0x50002000, "RTC_DATA"]] + + FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN = 32 + + """ Try to read the BLOCK1 (encryption key) and check if it is valid """ + + def is_flash_encryption_key_valid(self): + + """ Bit 0 of efuse_rd_disable[3:0] is mapped to BLOCK1 + this bit is at position 16 in EFUSE_BLK0_RDATA0_REG """ + word0 = self.read_efuse(0) + rd_disable = (word0 >> 16) & 0x1 + + # reading of BLOCK1 is NOT ALLOWED so we assume valid key is programmed + if rd_disable: + return True + else: + # reading of BLOCK1 is ALLOWED so we will read and verify for non-zero. + # When ESP32 has not generated AES/encryption key in BLOCK1, the contents will be readable and 0. + # If the flash encryption is enabled it is expected to have a valid non-zero key. We break out on + # first occurance of non-zero value + key_word = [0] * 7 + for i in range(len(key_word)): + key_word[i] = self.read_efuse(14 + i) + # key is non-zero so break & return + if key_word[i] != 0: + return True + return False + + def get_flash_crypt_config(self): + """ For flash encryption related commands we need to make sure + user has programmed all the relevant efuse correctly so before + writing encrypted write_flash_encrypt esptool will verify the values + of flash_crypt_config to be non zero if they are not read + protected. If the values are zero a warning will be printed + + bit 3 in efuse_rd_disable[3:0] is mapped to flash_crypt_config + this bit is at position 19 in EFUSE_BLK0_RDATA0_REG """ + word0 = self.read_efuse(0) + rd_disable = (word0 >> 19) & 0x1 + + if rd_disable == 0: + """ we can read the flash_crypt_config efuse value + so go & read it (EFUSE_BLK0_RDATA5_REG[31:28]) """ + word5 = self.read_efuse(5) + word5 = (word5 >> 28) & 0xF + return word5 + else: + # if read of the efuse is disabled we assume it is set correctly + return 0xF + + def get_encrypted_download_disabled(self): + if self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT_REG) & self.EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT: + return True + else: + return False + + def get_pkg_version(self): + word3 = self.read_efuse(3) + pkg_version = (word3 >> 9) & 0x07 + pkg_version += ((word3 >> 2) & 0x1) << 3 + return pkg_version + + def get_chip_revision(self): + word3 = self.read_efuse(3) + word5 = self.read_efuse(5) + apb_ctl_date = self.read_reg(self.DR_REG_SYSCON_BASE + 0x7C) + + rev_bit0 = (word3 >> 15) & 0x1 + rev_bit1 = (word5 >> 20) & 0x1 + rev_bit2 = (apb_ctl_date >> 31) & 0x1 + if rev_bit0: + if rev_bit1: + if rev_bit2: + return 3 + else: + return 2 + else: + return 1 + return 0 + + def get_chip_description(self): + pkg_version = self.get_pkg_version() + chip_revision = self.get_chip_revision() + rev3 = (chip_revision == 3) + single_core = self.read_efuse(3) & (1 << 0) # CHIP_VER DIS_APP_CPU + + chip_name = { + 0: "ESP32-S0WDQ6" if single_core else "ESP32-D0WDQ6", + 1: "ESP32-S0WD" if single_core else "ESP32-D0WD", + 2: "ESP32-D2WD", + 4: "ESP32-U4WDH", + 5: "ESP32-PICO-V3" if rev3 else "ESP32-PICO-D4", + 6: "ESP32-PICO-V3-02", + }.get(pkg_version, "unknown ESP32") + + # ESP32-D0WD-V3, ESP32-D0WDQ6-V3 + if chip_name.startswith("ESP32-D0WD") and rev3: + chip_name += "-V3" + + return "%s (revision %d)" % (chip_name, chip_revision) + + def get_chip_features(self): + features = ["WiFi"] + word3 = self.read_efuse(3) + + # names of variables in this section are lowercase + # versions of EFUSE names as documented in TRM and + # ESP-IDF efuse_reg.h + + chip_ver_dis_bt = word3 & (1 << 1) + if chip_ver_dis_bt == 0: + features += ["BT"] + + chip_ver_dis_app_cpu = word3 & (1 << 0) + if chip_ver_dis_app_cpu: + features += ["Single Core"] + else: + features += ["Dual Core"] + + chip_cpu_freq_rated = word3 & (1 << 13) + if chip_cpu_freq_rated: + chip_cpu_freq_low = word3 & (1 << 12) + if chip_cpu_freq_low: + features += ["160MHz"] + else: + features += ["240MHz"] + + pkg_version = self.get_pkg_version() + if pkg_version in [2, 4, 5, 6]: + features += ["Embedded Flash"] + + if pkg_version == 6: + features += ["Embedded PSRAM"] + + word4 = self.read_efuse(4) + adc_vref = (word4 >> 8) & 0x1F + if adc_vref: + features += ["VRef calibration in efuse"] + + blk3_part_res = word3 >> 14 & 0x1 + if blk3_part_res: + features += ["BLK3 partially reserved"] + + word6 = self.read_efuse(6) + coding_scheme = word6 & 0x3 + features += ["Coding Scheme %s" % { + 0: "None", + 1: "3/4", + 2: "Repeat (UNSUPPORTED)", + 3: "Invalid"}[coding_scheme]] + + return features + + def read_efuse(self, n): + """ Read the nth word of the ESP3x EFUSE region. """ + return self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE + (4 * n)) + + def chip_id(self): + raise NotSupportedError(self, "chip_id") + + def read_mac(self): + """ Read MAC from EFUSE region """ + words = [self.read_efuse(2), self.read_efuse(1)] + bitstring = struct.pack(">II", *words) + bitstring = bitstring[2:8] # trim the 2 byte CRC + try: + return tuple(ord(b) for b in bitstring) + except TypeError: # Python 3, bitstring elements are already bytes + return tuple(bitstring) + + def get_erase_size(self, offset, size): + return size + + def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage): + new_voltage = new_voltage.upper() + if new_voltage not in self.OVERRIDE_VDDSDIO_CHOICES: + raise FatalError("The only accepted VDDSDIO overrides are '1.8V', '1.9V' and 'OFF'") + RTC_CNTL_SDIO_CONF_REG = 0x3ff48074 + RTC_CNTL_XPD_SDIO_REG = (1 << 31) + RTC_CNTL_DREFH_SDIO_M = (3 << 29) + RTC_CNTL_DREFM_SDIO_M = (3 << 27) + RTC_CNTL_DREFL_SDIO_M = (3 << 25) + # RTC_CNTL_SDIO_TIEH = (1 << 23) # not used here, setting TIEH=1 would set 3.3V output, not safe for esptool.py to do + RTC_CNTL_SDIO_FORCE = (1 << 22) + RTC_CNTL_SDIO_PD_EN = (1 << 21) + + reg_val = RTC_CNTL_SDIO_FORCE # override efuse setting + reg_val |= RTC_CNTL_SDIO_PD_EN + if new_voltage != "OFF": + reg_val |= RTC_CNTL_XPD_SDIO_REG # enable internal LDO + if new_voltage == "1.9V": + reg_val |= (RTC_CNTL_DREFH_SDIO_M | RTC_CNTL_DREFM_SDIO_M | RTC_CNTL_DREFL_SDIO_M) # boost voltage + self.write_reg(RTC_CNTL_SDIO_CONF_REG, reg_val) + print("VDDSDIO regulator set to %s" % new_voltage) + + def read_flash_slow(self, offset, length, progress_fn): + BLOCK_LEN = 64 # ROM read limit per command (this limit is why it's so slow) + + data = b'' + while len(data) < length: + block_len = min(BLOCK_LEN, length - len(data)) + r = self.check_command("read flash block", self.ESP_READ_FLASH_SLOW, + struct.pack('> 21) & 0x0F + return pkg_version + + def get_chip_description(self): + chip_name = { + 0: "ESP32-S2", + 1: "ESP32-S2FH16", + 2: "ESP32-S2FH32", + }.get(self.get_pkg_version(), "unknown ESP32-S2") + + return "%s" % (chip_name) + + def get_chip_features(self): + features = ["WiFi"] + + if self.secure_download_mode: + features += ["Secure Download Mode Enabled"] + + pkg_version = self.get_pkg_version() + + if pkg_version in [1, 2]: + if pkg_version == 1: + features += ["Embedded 2MB Flash"] + elif pkg_version == 2: + features += ["Embedded 4MB Flash"] + features += ["105C temp rating"] + + num_word = 4 + block2_addr = self.EFUSE_BASE + 0x05C + word4 = self.read_reg(block2_addr + (4 * num_word)) + block2_version = (word4 >> 4) & 0x07 + + if block2_version == 1: + features += ["ADC and temperature sensor calibration in BLK2 of efuse"] + return features + + def get_crystal_freq(self): + # ESP32-S2 XTAL is fixed to 40MHz + return 40 + + def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage): + raise NotImplementedInROMError("VDD_SDIO overrides are not supported for ESP32-S2") + + def read_mac(self): + mac0 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG) + mac1 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG + 4) # only bottom 16 bits are MAC + bitstring = struct.pack(">II", mac1, mac0)[2:] + try: + return tuple(ord(b) for b in bitstring) + except TypeError: # Python 3, bitstring elements are already bytes + return tuple(bitstring) + + def get_flash_crypt_config(self): + return None # doesn't exist on ESP32-S2 + + def get_key_block_purpose(self, key_block): + if key_block < 0 or key_block > 5: + raise FatalError("Valid key block numbers must be in range 0-5") + + reg, shift = [(self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_SHIFT)][key_block] + return (self.read_reg(reg) >> shift) & 0xF + + def is_flash_encryption_key_valid(self): + # Need to see either an AES-128 key or two AES-256 keys + purposes = [self.get_key_block_purpose(b) for b in range(6)] + + if any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY for p in purposes): + return True + + return any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_1 for p in purposes) \ + and any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_2 for p in purposes) + + def uses_usb(self, _cache=[]): + if self.secure_download_mode: + return False # can't detect native USB in secure download mode + if not _cache: + buf_no = self.read_reg(self.UARTDEV_BUF_NO) & 0xff + _cache.append(buf_no == self.UARTDEV_BUF_NO_USB) + return _cache[0] + + def _post_connect(self): + if self.uses_usb(): + self.ESP_RAM_BLOCK = self.USB_RAM_BLOCK + + def _check_if_can_reset(self): + """ + Check the strapping register to see if we can reset out of download mode. + """ + if os.getenv("ESPTOOL_TESTING") is not None: + print("ESPTOOL_TESTING is set, ignoring strapping mode check") + # Esptool tests over USB CDC run with GPIO0 strapped low, don't complain in this case. + return + strap_reg = self.read_reg(self.GPIO_STRAP_REG) + force_dl_reg = self.read_reg(self.RTC_CNTL_OPTION1_REG) + if strap_reg & self.GPIO_STRAP_SPI_BOOT_MASK == 0 and force_dl_reg & self.RTC_CNTL_FORCE_DOWNLOAD_BOOT_MASK == 0: + print("ERROR: {} chip was placed into download mode using GPIO0.\n" + "esptool.py can not exit the download mode over USB. " + "To run the app, reset the chip manually.\n" + "To suppress this error, set --after option to 'no_reset'.".format(self.get_chip_description())) + raise SystemExit(1) + + def hard_reset(self): + if self.uses_usb(): + self._check_if_can_reset() + + self._setRTS(True) # EN->LOW + if self.uses_usb(): + # Give the chip some time to come out of reset, to be able to handle further DTR/RTS transitions + time.sleep(0.2) + self._setRTS(False) + time.sleep(0.2) + else: + self._setRTS(False) + + +class ESP32S3ROM(ESP32ROM): + CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-S3" + + IROM_MAP_START = 0x42000000 + IROM_MAP_END = 0x44000000 + DROM_MAP_START = 0x3c000000 + DROM_MAP_END = 0x3e000000 + + UART_DATE_REG_ADDR = 0x60000080 + + SPI_REG_BASE = 0x60002000 + SPI_USR_OFFS = 0x18 + SPI_USR1_OFFS = 0x1c + SPI_USR2_OFFS = 0x20 + SPI_MOSI_DLEN_OFFS = 0x24 + SPI_MISO_DLEN_OFFS = 0x28 + SPI_W0_OFFS = 0x58 + + FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN = 16 + + # todo: use espefuse APIs to get this info + EFUSE_BASE = 0x6001A000 # BLOCK0 read base address + MAC_EFUSE_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x044 + + EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE = EFUSE_BASE + 0x030 # BLOCK0 read base address + + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x34 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_SHIFT = 24 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x34 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_SHIFT = 28 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_SHIFT = 0 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_SHIFT = 4 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_SHIFT = 8 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_SHIFT = 12 + + EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT_REG = EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE + EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT = 1 << 20 + + PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_1 = 2 + PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_2 = 3 + PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY = 4 + + UART_CLKDIV_REG = 0x60000014 + + GPIO_STRAP_REG = 0x60004038 + + MEMORY_MAP = [[0x00000000, 0x00010000, "PADDING"], + [0x3C000000, 0x3D000000, "DROM"], + [0x3D000000, 0x3E000000, "EXTRAM_DATA"], + [0x600FE000, 0x60100000, "RTC_DRAM"], + [0x3FC88000, 0x3FD00000, "BYTE_ACCESSIBLE"], + [0x3FC88000, 0x403E2000, "MEM_INTERNAL"], + [0x3FC88000, 0x3FD00000, "DRAM"], + [0x40000000, 0x4001A100, "IROM_MASK"], + [0x40370000, 0x403E0000, "IRAM"], + [0x600FE000, 0x60100000, "RTC_IRAM"], + [0x42000000, 0x42800000, "IROM"], + [0x50000000, 0x50002000, "RTC_DATA"]] + + def get_chip_description(self): + return "ESP32-S3" + + def get_chip_features(self): + return ["WiFi", "BLE"] + + def get_crystal_freq(self): + # ESP32S3 XTAL is fixed to 40MHz + return 40 + + def get_flash_crypt_config(self): + return None # doesn't exist on ESP32-S3 + + def get_key_block_purpose(self, key_block): + if key_block < 0 or key_block > 5: + raise FatalError("Valid key block numbers must be in range 0-5") + + reg, shift = [(self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_SHIFT)][key_block] + return (self.read_reg(reg) >> shift) & 0xF + + def is_flash_encryption_key_valid(self): + # Need to see either an AES-128 key or two AES-256 keys + purposes = [self.get_key_block_purpose(b) for b in range(6)] + + if any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY for p in purposes): + return True + + return any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_1 for p in purposes) \ + and any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_2 for p in purposes) + + def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage): + raise NotImplementedInROMError("VDD_SDIO overrides are not supported for ESP32-S3") + + def read_mac(self): + mac0 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG) + mac1 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG + 4) # only bottom 16 bits are MAC + bitstring = struct.pack(">II", mac1, mac0)[2:] + try: + return tuple(ord(b) for b in bitstring) + except TypeError: # Python 3, bitstring elements are already bytes + return tuple(bitstring) + + +class ESP32S3BETA2ROM(ESP32S3ROM): + CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-S3(beta2)" + IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 4 + + CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0xeb004136] + + def get_chip_description(self): + return "ESP32-S3(beta2)" + + +class ESP32S3BETA3ROM(ESP32S3ROM): + CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-S3(beta3)" + IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 6 + + CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x9] + + def get_chip_description(self): + return "ESP32-S3(beta3)" + + +class ESP32C3ROM(ESP32ROM): + CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-C3" + IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 5 + + IROM_MAP_START = 0x42000000 + IROM_MAP_END = 0x42800000 + DROM_MAP_START = 0x3c000000 + DROM_MAP_END = 0x3c800000 + + SPI_REG_BASE = 0x60002000 + SPI_USR_OFFS = 0x18 + SPI_USR1_OFFS = 0x1C + SPI_USR2_OFFS = 0x20 + SPI_MOSI_DLEN_OFFS = 0x24 + SPI_MISO_DLEN_OFFS = 0x28 + SPI_W0_OFFS = 0x58 + + BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET = 0x0 + + # Magic value for ESP32C3 eco 1+2 and ESP32C3 eco3 respectivly + CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x6921506f, 0x1b31506f] + + UART_DATE_REG_ADDR = 0x60000000 + 0x7c + + EFUSE_BASE = 0x60008800 + MAC_EFUSE_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x044 + + EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE = EFUSE_BASE + 0x030 # BLOCK0 read base address + + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x34 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_SHIFT = 24 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x34 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_SHIFT = 28 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_SHIFT = 0 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_SHIFT = 4 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_SHIFT = 8 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38 + EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_SHIFT = 12 + + EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT_REG = EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE + EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT = 1 << 20 + + PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY = 4 + + GPIO_STRAP_REG = 0x3f404038 + + FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN = 16 + + MEMORY_MAP = [[0x00000000, 0x00010000, "PADDING"], + [0x3C000000, 0x3C800000, "DROM"], + [0x3FC80000, 0x3FCE0000, "DRAM"], + [0x3FC88000, 0x3FD00000, "BYTE_ACCESSIBLE"], + [0x3FF00000, 0x3FF20000, "DROM_MASK"], + [0x40000000, 0x40060000, "IROM_MASK"], + [0x42000000, 0x42800000, "IROM"], + [0x4037C000, 0x403E0000, "IRAM"], + [0x50000000, 0x50002000, "RTC_IRAM"], + [0x50000000, 0x50002000, "RTC_DRAM"], + [0x600FE000, 0x60100000, "MEM_INTERNAL2"]] + + def get_pkg_version(self): + num_word = 3 + block1_addr = self.EFUSE_BASE + 0x044 + word3 = self.read_reg(block1_addr + (4 * num_word)) + pkg_version = (word3 >> 21) & 0x0F + return pkg_version + + def get_chip_revision(self): + # reads WAFER_VERSION field from EFUSE_RD_MAC_SPI_SYS_3_REG + block1_addr = self.EFUSE_BASE + 0x044 + num_word = 3 + pos = 18 + return (self.read_reg(block1_addr + (4 * num_word)) & (0x7 << pos)) >> pos + + def get_chip_description(self): + chip_name = { + 0: "ESP32-C3", + }.get(self.get_pkg_version(), "unknown ESP32-C3") + chip_revision = self.get_chip_revision() + + return "%s (revision %d)" % (chip_name, chip_revision) + + def get_chip_features(self): + return ["Wi-Fi"] + + def get_crystal_freq(self): + # ESP32C3 XTAL is fixed to 40MHz + return 40 + + def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage): + raise NotImplementedInROMError("VDD_SDIO overrides are not supported for ESP32-C3") + + def read_mac(self): + mac0 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG) + mac1 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG + 4) # only bottom 16 bits are MAC + bitstring = struct.pack(">II", mac1, mac0)[2:] + try: + return tuple(ord(b) for b in bitstring) + except TypeError: # Python 3, bitstring elements are already bytes + return tuple(bitstring) + + def get_flash_crypt_config(self): + return None # doesn't exist on ESP32-C3 + + def get_key_block_purpose(self, key_block): + if key_block < 0 or key_block > 5: + raise FatalError("Valid key block numbers must be in range 0-5") + + reg, shift = [(self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_SHIFT), + (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_SHIFT)][key_block] + return (self.read_reg(reg) >> shift) & 0xF + + def is_flash_encryption_key_valid(self): + # Need to see an AES-128 key + purposes = [self.get_key_block_purpose(b) for b in range(6)] + + return any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY for p in purposes) + + +class ESP32C6BETAROM(ESP32C3ROM): + CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-C6 BETA" + IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 7 + + CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x0da1806f] + + UART_DATE_REG_ADDR = 0x00000500 + + def get_chip_description(self): + chip_name = { + 0: "ESP32-C6", + }.get(self.get_pkg_version(), "unknown ESP32-C6") + chip_revision = self.get_chip_revision() + + return "%s (revision %d)" % (chip_name, chip_revision) + + +class ESP32StubLoader(ESP32ROM): + """ Access class for ESP32 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 # same as ESP8266, different to ESP32 ROM + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self.secure_download_mode = rom_loader.secure_download_mode + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + +ESP32ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP32StubLoader + + +class ESP32S2StubLoader(ESP32S2ROM): + """ Access class for ESP32-S2 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + + (Basically the same as ESP32StubLoader, but different base class. + Can possibly be made into a mixin.) + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 # same as ESP8266, different to ESP32 ROM + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self.secure_download_mode = rom_loader.secure_download_mode + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + if rom_loader.uses_usb(): + self.ESP_RAM_BLOCK = self.USB_RAM_BLOCK + self.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = self.USB_RAM_BLOCK + + +ESP32S2ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP32S2StubLoader + + +class ESP32S3BETA2StubLoader(ESP32S3BETA2ROM): + """ Access class for ESP32S3 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + + (Basically the same as ESP32StubLoader, but different base class. + Can possibly be made into a mixin.) + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 # same as ESP8266, different to ESP32 ROM + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self.secure_download_mode = rom_loader.secure_download_mode + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + +ESP32S3BETA2ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP32S3BETA2StubLoader + + +class ESP32S3BETA3StubLoader(ESP32S3BETA3ROM): + """ Access class for ESP32S3 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + + (Basically the same as ESP32StubLoader, but different base class. + Can possibly be made into a mixin.) + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 # same as ESP8266, different to ESP32 ROM + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self.secure_download_mode = rom_loader.secure_download_mode + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + +ESP32S3BETA3ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP32S3BETA3StubLoader + + +class ESP32C3StubLoader(ESP32C3ROM): + """ Access class for ESP32C3 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + + (Basically the same as ESP32StubLoader, but different base class. + Can possibly be made into a mixin.) + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 # same as ESP8266, different to ESP32 ROM + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self.secure_download_mode = rom_loader.secure_download_mode + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + +ESP32C3ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP32C3StubLoader + + +class ESPBOOTLOADER(object): + """ These are constants related to software ESP8266 bootloader, working with 'v2' image files """ + + # First byte of the "v2" application image + IMAGE_V2_MAGIC = 0xea + + # First 'segment' value in a "v2" application image, appears to be a constant version value? + IMAGE_V2_SEGMENT = 4 + + +def LoadFirmwareImage(chip, filename): + """ Load a firmware image. Can be for any supported SoC. + + ESP8266 images will be examined to determine if they are original ROM firmware images (ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage) + or "v2" OTA bootloader images. + + Returns a BaseFirmwareImage subclass, either ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage (v1) or ESP8266V2FirmwareImage (v2). + """ + chip = chip.lower().replace("-", "") + with open(filename, 'rb') as f: + if chip == 'esp32': + return ESP32FirmwareImage(f) + elif chip == "esp32s2": + return ESP32S2FirmwareImage(f) + elif chip == "esp32s3beta2": + return ESP32S3BETA2FirmwareImage(f) + elif chip == "esp32s3beta3": + return ESP32S3BETA3FirmwareImage(f) + elif chip == 'esp32c3': + return ESP32C3FirmwareImage(f) + elif chip == 'esp32c6beta': + return ESP32C6BETAFirmwareImage(f) + else: # Otherwise, ESP8266 so look at magic to determine the image type + magic = ord(f.read(1)) + f.seek(0) + if magic == ESPLoader.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC: + return ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage(f) + elif magic == ESPBOOTLOADER.IMAGE_V2_MAGIC: + return ESP8266V2FirmwareImage(f) + else: + raise FatalError("Invalid image magic number: %d" % magic) + + +class ImageSegment(object): + """ Wrapper class for a segment in an ESP image + (very similar to a section in an ELFImage also) """ + def __init__(self, addr, data, file_offs=None): + self.addr = addr + self.data = data + self.file_offs = file_offs + self.include_in_checksum = True + if self.addr != 0: + self.pad_to_alignment(4) # pad all "real" ImageSegments 4 byte aligned length + + def copy_with_new_addr(self, new_addr): + """ Return a new ImageSegment with same data, but mapped at + a new address. """ + return ImageSegment(new_addr, self.data, 0) + + def split_image(self, split_len): + """ Return a new ImageSegment which splits "split_len" bytes + from the beginning of the data. Remaining bytes are kept in + this segment object (and the start address is adjusted to match.) """ + result = copy.copy(self) + result.data = self.data[:split_len] + self.data = self.data[split_len:] + self.addr += split_len + self.file_offs = None + result.file_offs = None + return result + + def __repr__(self): + r = "len 0x%05x load 0x%08x" % (len(self.data), self.addr) + if self.file_offs is not None: + r += " file_offs 0x%08x" % (self.file_offs) + return r + + def get_memory_type(self, image): + """ + Return a list describing the memory type(s) that is covered by this + segment's start address. + """ + return [map_range[2] for map_range in image.ROM_LOADER.MEMORY_MAP if map_range[0] <= self.addr < map_range[1]] + + def pad_to_alignment(self, alignment): + self.data = pad_to(self.data, alignment, b'\x00') + + +class ELFSection(ImageSegment): + """ Wrapper class for a section in an ELF image, has a section + name as well as the common properties of an ImageSegment. """ + def __init__(self, name, addr, data): + super(ELFSection, self).__init__(addr, data) + self.name = name.decode("utf-8") + + def __repr__(self): + return "%s %s" % (self.name, super(ELFSection, self).__repr__()) + + +class BaseFirmwareImage(object): + SEG_HEADER_LEN = 8 + SHA256_DIGEST_LEN = 32 + + """ Base class with common firmware image functions """ + def __init__(self): + self.segments = [] + self.entrypoint = 0 + self.elf_sha256 = None + self.elf_sha256_offset = 0 + + def load_common_header(self, load_file, expected_magic): + (magic, segments, self.flash_mode, self.flash_size_freq, self.entrypoint) = struct.unpack(' 16: + raise FatalError('Invalid segment count %d (max 16). Usually this indicates a linker script problem.' % len(self.segments)) + + def load_segment(self, f, is_irom_segment=False): + """ Load the next segment from the image file """ + file_offs = f.tell() + (offset, size) = struct.unpack(' 0x40200000 or offset < 0x3ffe0000 or size > 65536: + print('WARNING: Suspicious segment 0x%x, length %d' % (offset, size)) + + def maybe_patch_segment_data(self, f, segment_data): + """If SHA256 digest of the ELF file needs to be inserted into this segment, do so. Returns segment data.""" + segment_len = len(segment_data) + file_pos = f.tell() # file_pos is position in the .bin file + if self.elf_sha256_offset >= file_pos and self.elf_sha256_offset < file_pos + segment_len: + # SHA256 digest needs to be patched into this binary segment, + # calculate offset of the digest inside the binary segment. + patch_offset = self.elf_sha256_offset - file_pos + # Sanity checks + if patch_offset < self.SEG_HEADER_LEN or patch_offset + self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN > segment_len: + raise FatalError('Cannot place SHA256 digest on segment boundary' + '(elf_sha256_offset=%d, file_pos=%d, segment_size=%d)' % + (self.elf_sha256_offset, file_pos, segment_len)) + # offset relative to the data part + patch_offset -= self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + if segment_data[patch_offset:patch_offset + self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN] != b'\x00' * self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN: + raise FatalError('Contents of segment at SHA256 digest offset 0x%x are not all zero. Refusing to overwrite.' % + self.elf_sha256_offset) + assert(len(self.elf_sha256) == self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN) + segment_data = segment_data[0:patch_offset] + self.elf_sha256 + \ + segment_data[patch_offset + self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN:] + return segment_data + + def save_segment(self, f, segment, checksum=None): + """ Save the next segment to the image file, return next checksum value if provided """ + segment_data = self.maybe_patch_segment_data(f, segment.data) + f.write(struct.pack(' 0: + if len(irom_segments) != 1: + raise FatalError('Found %d segments that could be irom0. Bad ELF file?' % len(irom_segments)) + return irom_segments[0] + return None + + def get_non_irom_segments(self): + irom_segment = self.get_irom_segment() + return [s for s in self.segments if s != irom_segment] + + def merge_adjacent_segments(self): + if not self.segments: + return # nothing to merge + + segments = [] + # The easiest way to merge the sections is the browse them backward. + for i in range(len(self.segments) - 1, 0, -1): + # elem is the previous section, the one `next_elem` may need to be + # merged in + elem = self.segments[i - 1] + next_elem = self.segments[i] + if all((elem.get_memory_type(self) == next_elem.get_memory_type(self), + elem.include_in_checksum == next_elem.include_in_checksum, + next_elem.addr == elem.addr + len(elem.data))): + # Merge any segment that ends where the next one starts, without spanning memory types + # + # (don't 'pad' any gaps here as they may be excluded from the image due to 'noinit' + # or other reasons.) + elem.data += next_elem.data + else: + # The section next_elem cannot be merged into the previous one, + # which means it needs to be part of the final segments. + # As we are browsing the list backward, the elements need to be + # inserted at the beginning of the final list. + segments.insert(0, next_elem) + + # The first segment will always be here as it cannot be merged into any + # "previous" section. + segments.insert(0, self.segments[0]) + + # note: we could sort segments here as well, but the ordering of segments is sometimes + # important for other reasons (like embedded ELF SHA-256), so we assume that the linker + # script will have produced any adjacent sections in linear order in the ELF, anyhow. + self.segments = segments + + +class ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage): + """ 'Version 1' firmware image, segments loaded directly by the ROM bootloader. """ + + ROM_LOADER = ESP8266ROM + + def __init__(self, load_file=None): + super(ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage, self).__init__() + self.flash_mode = 0 + self.flash_size_freq = 0 + self.version = 1 + + if load_file is not None: + segments = self.load_common_header(load_file, ESPLoader.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC) + + for _ in range(segments): + self.load_segment(load_file) + self.checksum = self.read_checksum(load_file) + + self.verify() + + def default_output_name(self, input_file): + """ Derive a default output name from the ELF name. """ + return input_file + '-' + + def save(self, basename): + """ Save a set of V1 images for flashing. Parameter is a base filename. """ + # IROM data goes in its own plain binary file + irom_segment = self.get_irom_segment() + if irom_segment is not None: + with open("%s0x%05x.bin" % (basename, irom_segment.addr - ESP8266ROM.IROM_MAP_START), "wb") as f: + f.write(irom_segment.data) + + # everything but IROM goes at 0x00000 in an image file + normal_segments = self.get_non_irom_segments() + with open("%s0x00000.bin" % basename, 'wb') as f: + self.write_common_header(f, normal_segments) + checksum = ESPLoader.ESP_CHECKSUM_MAGIC + for segment in normal_segments: + checksum = self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum) + self.append_checksum(f, checksum) + + +ESP8266ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage + + +class ESP8266V2FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage): + """ 'Version 2' firmware image, segments loaded by software bootloader stub + (ie Espressif bootloader or rboot) + """ + + ROM_LOADER = ESP8266ROM + + def __init__(self, load_file=None): + super(ESP8266V2FirmwareImage, self).__init__() + self.version = 2 + if load_file is not None: + segments = self.load_common_header(load_file, ESPBOOTLOADER.IMAGE_V2_MAGIC) + if segments != ESPBOOTLOADER.IMAGE_V2_SEGMENT: + # segment count is not really segment count here, but we expect to see '4' + print('Warning: V2 header has unexpected "segment" count %d (usually 4)' % segments) + + # irom segment comes before the second header + # + # the file is saved in the image with a zero load address + # in the header, so we need to calculate a load address + irom_segment = self.load_segment(load_file, True) + irom_segment.addr = 0 # for actual mapped addr, add ESP8266ROM.IROM_MAP_START + flashing_addr + 8 + irom_segment.include_in_checksum = False + + first_flash_mode = self.flash_mode + first_flash_size_freq = self.flash_size_freq + first_entrypoint = self.entrypoint + # load the second header + + segments = self.load_common_header(load_file, ESPLoader.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC) + + if first_flash_mode != self.flash_mode: + print('WARNING: Flash mode value in first header (0x%02x) disagrees with second (0x%02x). Using second value.' + % (first_flash_mode, self.flash_mode)) + if first_flash_size_freq != self.flash_size_freq: + print('WARNING: Flash size/freq value in first header (0x%02x) disagrees with second (0x%02x). Using second value.' + % (first_flash_size_freq, self.flash_size_freq)) + if first_entrypoint != self.entrypoint: + print('WARNING: Entrypoint address in first header (0x%08x) disagrees with second header (0x%08x). Using second value.' + % (first_entrypoint, self.entrypoint)) + + # load all the usual segments + for _ in range(segments): + self.load_segment(load_file) + self.checksum = self.read_checksum(load_file) + + self.verify() + + def default_output_name(self, input_file): + """ Derive a default output name from the ELF name. """ + irom_segment = self.get_irom_segment() + if irom_segment is not None: + irom_offs = irom_segment.addr - ESP8266ROM.IROM_MAP_START + else: + irom_offs = 0 + return "%s-0x%05x.bin" % (os.path.splitext(input_file)[0], + irom_offs & ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) + + def save(self, filename): + with open(filename, 'wb') as f: + # Save first header for irom0 segment + f.write(struct.pack(b' 0: + last_addr = flash_segments[0].addr + for segment in flash_segments[1:]: + if segment.addr // self.IROM_ALIGN == last_addr // self.IROM_ALIGN: + raise FatalError(("Segment loaded at 0x%08x lands in same 64KB flash mapping as segment loaded at 0x%08x. " + "Can't generate binary. Suggest changing linker script or ELF to merge sections.") % + (segment.addr, last_addr)) + last_addr = segment.addr + + def get_alignment_data_needed(segment): + # Actual alignment (in data bytes) required for a segment header: positioned so that + # after we write the next 8 byte header, file_offs % IROM_ALIGN == segment.addr % IROM_ALIGN + # + # (this is because the segment's vaddr may not be IROM_ALIGNed, more likely is aligned + # IROM_ALIGN+0x18 to account for the binary file header + align_past = (segment.addr % self.IROM_ALIGN) - self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + pad_len = (self.IROM_ALIGN - (f.tell() % self.IROM_ALIGN)) + align_past + if pad_len == 0 or pad_len == self.IROM_ALIGN: + return 0 # already aligned + + # subtract SEG_HEADER_LEN a second time, as the padding block has a header as well + pad_len -= self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + if pad_len < 0: + pad_len += self.IROM_ALIGN + return pad_len + + # try to fit each flash segment on a 64kB aligned boundary + # by padding with parts of the non-flash segments... + while len(flash_segments) > 0: + segment = flash_segments[0] + pad_len = get_alignment_data_needed(segment) + if pad_len > 0: # need to pad + if len(ram_segments) > 0 and pad_len > self.SEG_HEADER_LEN: + pad_segment = ram_segments[0].split_image(pad_len) + if len(ram_segments[0].data) == 0: + ram_segments.pop(0) + else: + pad_segment = ImageSegment(0, b'\x00' * pad_len, f.tell()) + checksum = self.save_segment(f, pad_segment, checksum) + total_segments += 1 + else: + # write the flash segment + assert (f.tell() + 8) % self.IROM_ALIGN == segment.addr % self.IROM_ALIGN + checksum = self.save_flash_segment(f, segment, checksum) + flash_segments.pop(0) + total_segments += 1 + + # flash segments all written, so write any remaining RAM segments + for segment in ram_segments: + checksum = self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum) + total_segments += 1 + + if self.secure_pad: + # pad the image so that after signing it will end on a a 64KB boundary. + # This ensures all mapped flash content will be verified. + if not self.append_digest: + raise FatalError("secure_pad only applies if a SHA-256 digest is also appended to the image") + align_past = (f.tell() + self.SEG_HEADER_LEN) % self.IROM_ALIGN + # 16 byte aligned checksum (force the alignment to simplify calculations) + checksum_space = 16 + if self.secure_pad == '1': + # after checksum: SHA-256 digest + (to be added by signing process) version, signature + 12 trailing bytes due to alignment + space_after_checksum = 32 + 4 + 64 + 12 + elif self.secure_pad == '2': # Secure Boot V2 + # after checksum: SHA-256 digest + signature sector, but we place signature sector after the 64KB boundary + space_after_checksum = 32 + pad_len = (self.IROM_ALIGN - align_past - checksum_space - space_after_checksum) % self.IROM_ALIGN + pad_segment = ImageSegment(0, b'\x00' * pad_len, f.tell()) + + checksum = self.save_segment(f, pad_segment, checksum) + total_segments += 1 + + # done writing segments + self.append_checksum(f, checksum) + image_length = f.tell() + + if self.secure_pad: + assert ((image_length + space_after_checksum) % self.IROM_ALIGN) == 0 + + # kinda hacky: go back to the initial header and write the new segment count + # that includes padding segments. This header is not checksummed + f.seek(1) + try: + f.write(chr(total_segments)) + except TypeError: # Python 3 + f.write(bytes([total_segments])) + + if self.append_digest: + # calculate the SHA256 of the whole file and append it + f.seek(0) + digest = hashlib.sha256() + digest.update(f.read(image_length)) + f.write(digest.digest()) + + with open(filename, 'wb') as real_file: + real_file.write(f.getvalue()) + + def save_flash_segment(self, f, segment, checksum=None): + """ Save the next segment to the image file, return next checksum value if provided """ + segment_end_pos = f.tell() + len(segment.data) + self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + segment_len_remainder = segment_end_pos % self.IROM_ALIGN + if segment_len_remainder < 0x24: + # Work around a bug in ESP-IDF 2nd stage bootloader, that it didn't map the + # last MMU page, if an IROM/DROM segment was < 0x24 bytes over the page boundary. + segment.data += b'\x00' * (0x24 - segment_len_remainder) + return self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum) + + def load_extended_header(self, load_file): + def split_byte(n): + return (n & 0x0F, (n >> 4) & 0x0F) + + fields = list(struct.unpack(self.EXTENDED_HEADER_STRUCT_FMT, load_file.read(16))) + + self.wp_pin = fields[0] + + # SPI pin drive stengths are two per byte + self.clk_drv, self.q_drv = split_byte(fields[1]) + self.d_drv, self.cs_drv = split_byte(fields[2]) + self.hd_drv, self.wp_drv = split_byte(fields[3]) + + chip_id = fields[4] + if chip_id != self.ROM_LOADER.IMAGE_CHIP_ID: + print(("Unexpected chip id in image. Expected %d but value was %d. " + "Is this image for a different chip model?") % (self.ROM_LOADER.IMAGE_CHIP_ID, chip_id)) + + # reserved fields in the middle should all be zero + if any(f for f in fields[6:-1] if f != 0): + print("Warning: some reserved header fields have non-zero values. This image may be from a newer esptool.py?") + + append_digest = fields[-1] # last byte is append_digest + if append_digest in [0, 1]: + self.append_digest = (append_digest == 1) + else: + raise RuntimeError("Invalid value for append_digest field (0x%02x). Should be 0 or 1.", append_digest) + + def save_extended_header(self, save_file): + def join_byte(ln, hn): + return (ln & 0x0F) + ((hn & 0x0F) << 4) + + append_digest = 1 if self.append_digest else 0 + + fields = [self.wp_pin, + join_byte(self.clk_drv, self.q_drv), + join_byte(self.d_drv, self.cs_drv), + join_byte(self.hd_drv, self.wp_drv), + self.ROM_LOADER.IMAGE_CHIP_ID, + self.min_rev] + fields += [0] * 8 # padding + fields += [append_digest] + + packed = struct.pack(self.EXTENDED_HEADER_STRUCT_FMT, *fields) + save_file.write(packed) + + +ESP32ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32FirmwareImage + + +class ESP32S2FirmwareImage(ESP32FirmwareImage): + """ ESP32S2 Firmware Image almost exactly the same as ESP32FirmwareImage """ + ROM_LOADER = ESP32S2ROM + + +ESP32S2ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32S2FirmwareImage + + +class ESP32S3BETA2FirmwareImage(ESP32FirmwareImage): + """ ESP32S3 Firmware Image almost exactly the same as ESP32FirmwareImage """ + ROM_LOADER = ESP32S3BETA2ROM + + +ESP32S3BETA2ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32S3BETA2FirmwareImage + + +class ESP32S3BETA3FirmwareImage(ESP32FirmwareImage): + """ ESP32S3 Firmware Image almost exactly the same as ESP32FirmwareImage """ + ROM_LOADER = ESP32S3BETA3ROM + + +ESP32S3BETA3ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32S3BETA3FirmwareImage + + +class ESP32C3FirmwareImage(ESP32FirmwareImage): + """ ESP32C3 Firmware Image almost exactly the same as ESP32FirmwareImage """ + ROM_LOADER = ESP32C3ROM + + +ESP32C3ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32C3FirmwareImage + + +class ESP32C6BETAFirmwareImage(ESP32FirmwareImage): + """ ESP32C6 Firmware Image almost exactly the same as ESP32FirmwareImage """ + ROM_LOADER = ESP32C6BETAROM + + +ESP32C6BETAROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32C6BETAFirmwareImage + + +class ELFFile(object): + SEC_TYPE_PROGBITS = 0x01 + SEC_TYPE_STRTAB = 0x03 + + LEN_SEC_HEADER = 0x28 + + SEG_TYPE_LOAD = 0x01 + LEN_SEG_HEADER = 0x20 + + def __init__(self, name): + # Load sections from the ELF file + self.name = name + with open(self.name, 'rb') as f: + self._read_elf_file(f) + + def get_section(self, section_name): + for s in self.sections: + if s.name == section_name: + return s + raise ValueError("No section %s in ELF file" % section_name) + + def _read_elf_file(self, f): + # read the ELF file header + LEN_FILE_HEADER = 0x34 + try: + (ident, _type, machine, _version, + self.entrypoint, _phoff, shoff, _flags, + _ehsize, _phentsize, _phnum, shentsize, + shnum, shstrndx) = struct.unpack("<16sHHLLLLLHHHHHH", f.read(LEN_FILE_HEADER)) + except struct.error as e: + raise FatalError("Failed to read a valid ELF header from %s: %s" % (self.name, e)) + + if byte(ident, 0) != 0x7f or ident[1:4] != b'ELF': + raise FatalError("%s has invalid ELF magic header" % self.name) + if machine not in [0x5e, 0xf3]: + raise FatalError("%s does not appear to be an Xtensa or an RISCV ELF file. e_machine=%04x" % (self.name, machine)) + if shentsize != self.LEN_SEC_HEADER: + raise FatalError("%s has unexpected section header entry size 0x%x (not 0x%x)" % (self.name, shentsize, self.LEN_SEC_HEADER)) + if shnum == 0: + raise FatalError("%s has 0 section headers" % (self.name)) + self._read_sections(f, shoff, shnum, shstrndx) + self._read_segments(f, _phoff, _phnum, shstrndx) + + def _read_sections(self, f, section_header_offs, section_header_count, shstrndx): + f.seek(section_header_offs) + len_bytes = section_header_count * self.LEN_SEC_HEADER + section_header = f.read(len_bytes) + if len(section_header) == 0: + raise FatalError("No section header found at offset %04x in ELF file." % section_header_offs) + if len(section_header) != (len_bytes): + raise FatalError("Only read 0x%x bytes from section header (expected 0x%x.) Truncated ELF file?" % (len(section_header), len_bytes)) + + # walk through the section header and extract all sections + section_header_offsets = range(0, len(section_header), self.LEN_SEC_HEADER) + + def read_section_header(offs): + name_offs, sec_type, _flags, lma, sec_offs, size = struct.unpack_from(" 0] + self.sections = prog_sections + + def _read_segments(self, f, segment_header_offs, segment_header_count, shstrndx): + f.seek(segment_header_offs) + len_bytes = segment_header_count * self.LEN_SEG_HEADER + segment_header = f.read(len_bytes) + if len(segment_header) == 0: + raise FatalError("No segment header found at offset %04x in ELF file." % segment_header_offs) + if len(segment_header) != (len_bytes): + raise FatalError("Only read 0x%x bytes from segment header (expected 0x%x.) Truncated ELF file?" % (len(segment_header), len_bytes)) + + # walk through the segment header and extract all segments + segment_header_offsets = range(0, len(segment_header), self.LEN_SEG_HEADER) + + def read_segment_header(offs): + seg_type, seg_offs, _vaddr, lma, size, _memsize, _flags, _align = struct.unpack_from(" 0] + self.segments = prog_segments + + def sha256(self): + # return SHA256 hash of the input ELF file + sha256 = hashlib.sha256() + with open(self.name, 'rb') as f: + sha256.update(f.read()) + return sha256.digest() + + +def slip_reader(port, trace_function): + """Generator to read SLIP packets from a serial port. + Yields one full SLIP packet at a time, raises exception on timeout or invalid data. + + Designed to avoid too many calls to serial.read(1), which can bog + down on slow systems. + """ + partial_packet = None + in_escape = False + while True: + waiting = port.inWaiting() + read_bytes = port.read(1 if waiting == 0 else waiting) + if read_bytes == b'': + waiting_for = "header" if partial_packet is None else "content" + trace_function("Timed out waiting for packet %s", waiting_for) + raise FatalError("Timed out waiting for packet %s" % waiting_for) + trace_function("Read %d bytes: %s", len(read_bytes), HexFormatter(read_bytes)) + for b in read_bytes: + if type(b) is int: + b = bytes([b]) # python 2/3 compat + + if partial_packet is None: # waiting for packet header + if b == b'\xc0': + partial_packet = b"" + else: + trace_function("Read invalid data: %s", HexFormatter(read_bytes)) + trace_function("Remaining data in serial buffer: %s", HexFormatter(port.read(port.inWaiting()))) + raise FatalError('Invalid head of packet (0x%s)' % hexify(b)) + elif in_escape: # part-way through escape sequence + in_escape = False + if b == b'\xdc': + partial_packet += b'\xc0' + elif b == b'\xdd': + partial_packet += b'\xdb' + else: + trace_function("Read invalid data: %s", HexFormatter(read_bytes)) + trace_function("Remaining data in serial buffer: %s", HexFormatter(port.read(port.inWaiting()))) + raise FatalError('Invalid SLIP escape (0xdb, 0x%s)' % (hexify(b))) + elif b == b'\xdb': # start of escape sequence + in_escape = True + elif b == b'\xc0': # end of packet + trace_function("Received full packet: %s", HexFormatter(partial_packet)) + yield partial_packet + partial_packet = None + else: # normal byte in packet + partial_packet += b + + +def arg_auto_int(x): + return int(x, 0) + + +def div_roundup(a, b): + """ Return a/b rounded up to nearest integer, + equivalent result to int(math.ceil(float(int(a)) / float(int(b))), only + without possible floating point accuracy errors. + """ + return (int(a) + int(b) - 1) // int(b) + + +def align_file_position(f, size): + """ Align the position in the file to the next block of specified size """ + align = (size - 1) - (f.tell() % size) + f.seek(align, 1) + + +def flash_size_bytes(size): + """ Given a flash size of the type passed in args.flash_size + (ie 512KB or 1MB) then return the size in bytes. + """ + if "MB" in size: + return int(size[:size.index("MB")]) * 1024 * 1024 + elif "KB" in size: + return int(size[:size.index("KB")]) * 1024 + else: + raise FatalError("Unknown size %s" % size) + + +def hexify(s, uppercase=True): + format_str = '%02X' if uppercase else '%02x' + if not PYTHON2: + return ''.join(format_str % c for c in s) + else: + return ''.join(format_str % ord(c) for c in s) + + +class HexFormatter(object): + """ + Wrapper class which takes binary data in its constructor + and returns a hex string as it's __str__ method. + + This is intended for "lazy formatting" of trace() output + in hex format. Avoids overhead (significant on slow computers) + of generating long hex strings even if tracing is disabled. + + Note that this doesn't save any overhead if passed as an + argument to "%", only when passed to trace() + + If auto_split is set (default), any long line (> 16 bytes) will be + printed as separately indented lines, with ASCII decoding at the end + of each line. + """ + def __init__(self, binary_string, auto_split=True): + self._s = binary_string + self._auto_split = auto_split + + def __str__(self): + if self._auto_split and len(self._s) > 16: + result = "" + s = self._s + while len(s) > 0: + line = s[:16] + ascii_line = "".join(c if (c == ' ' or (c in string.printable and c not in string.whitespace)) + else '.' for c in line.decode('ascii', 'replace')) + s = s[16:] + result += "\n %-16s %-16s | %s" % (hexify(line[:8], False), hexify(line[8:], False), ascii_line) + return result + else: + return hexify(self._s, False) + + +def pad_to(data, alignment, pad_character=b'\xFF'): + """ Pad to the next alignment boundary """ + pad_mod = len(data) % alignment + if pad_mod != 0: + data += pad_character * (alignment - pad_mod) + return data + + +class FatalError(RuntimeError): + """ + Wrapper class for runtime errors that aren't caused by internal bugs, but by + ESP8266 responses or input content. + """ + def __init__(self, message): + RuntimeError.__init__(self, message) + + @staticmethod + def WithResult(message, result): + """ + Return a fatal error object that appends the hex values of + 'result' as a string formatted argument. + """ + message += " (result was %s)" % hexify(result) + return FatalError(message) + + +class NotImplementedInROMError(FatalError): + """ + Wrapper class for the error thrown when a particular ESP bootloader function + is not implemented in the ROM bootloader. + """ + def __init__(self, bootloader, func): + FatalError.__init__(self, "%s ROM does not support function %s." % (bootloader.CHIP_NAME, func.__name__)) + + +class NotSupportedError(FatalError): + def __init__(self, esp, function_name): + FatalError.__init__(self, "Function %s is not supported for %s." % (function_name, esp.CHIP_NAME)) + +# "Operation" commands, executable at command line. One function each +# +# Each function takes either two args (, ) or a single +# argument. + + +class UnsupportedCommandError(RuntimeError): + """ + Wrapper class for when ROM loader returns an invalid command response. + + Usually this indicates the loader is running in Secure Download Mode. + """ + def __init__(self, esp, op): + if esp.secure_download_mode: + msg = "This command (0x%x) is not supported in Secure Download Mode" % op + else: + msg = "Invalid (unsupported) command 0x%x" % op + RuntimeError.__init__(self, msg) + + +def load_ram(esp, args): + image = LoadFirmwareImage(esp.CHIP_NAME, args.filename) + + print('RAM boot...') + for seg in image.segments: + size = len(seg.data) + print('Downloading %d bytes at %08x...' % (size, seg.addr), end=' ') + sys.stdout.flush() + esp.mem_begin(size, div_roundup(size, esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK), esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK, seg.addr) + + seq = 0 + while len(seg.data) > 0: + esp.mem_block(seg.data[0:esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK], seq) + seg.data = seg.data[esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK:] + seq += 1 + print('done!') + + print('All segments done, executing at %08x' % image.entrypoint) + esp.mem_finish(image.entrypoint) + + +def read_mem(esp, args): + print('0x%08x = 0x%08x' % (args.address, esp.read_reg(args.address))) + + +def write_mem(esp, args): + esp.write_reg(args.address, args.value, args.mask, 0) + print('Wrote %08x, mask %08x to %08x' % (args.value, args.mask, args.address)) + + +def dump_mem(esp, args): + with open(args.filename, 'wb') as f: + for i in range(args.size // 4): + d = esp.read_reg(args.address + (i * 4)) + f.write(struct.pack(b'> 16 + args.flash_size = DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES.get(size_id) + if args.flash_size is None: + print('Warning: Could not auto-detect Flash size (FlashID=0x%x, SizeID=0x%x), defaulting to 4MB' % (flash_id, size_id)) + args.flash_size = '4MB' + else: + print('Auto-detected Flash size:', args.flash_size) + + +def _update_image_flash_params(esp, address, args, image): + """ Modify the flash mode & size bytes if this looks like an executable bootloader image """ + if len(image) < 8: + return image # not long enough to be a bootloader image + + # unpack the (potential) image header + magic, _, flash_mode, flash_size_freq = struct.unpack("BBBB", image[:4]) + if address != esp.BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET: + return image # not flashing bootloader offset, so don't modify this + + if (args.flash_mode, args.flash_freq, args.flash_size) == ('keep',) * 3: + return image # all settings are 'keep', not modifying anything + + # easy check if this is an image: does it start with a magic byte? + if magic != esp.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC: + print("Warning: Image file at 0x%x doesn't look like an image file, so not changing any flash settings." % address) + return image + + # make sure this really is an image, and not just data that + # starts with esp.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC (mostly a problem for encrypted + # images that happen to start with a magic byte + try: + test_image = esp.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE(io.BytesIO(image)) + test_image.verify() + except Exception: + print("Warning: Image file at 0x%x is not a valid %s image, so not changing any flash settings." % (address, esp.CHIP_NAME)) + return image + + if args.flash_mode != 'keep': + flash_mode = {'qio': 0, 'qout': 1, 'dio': 2, 'dout': 3}[args.flash_mode] + + flash_freq = flash_size_freq & 0x0F + if args.flash_freq != 'keep': + flash_freq = {'40m': 0, '26m': 1, '20m': 2, '80m': 0xf}[args.flash_freq] + + flash_size = flash_size_freq & 0xF0 + if args.flash_size != 'keep': + flash_size = esp.parse_flash_size_arg(args.flash_size) + + flash_params = struct.pack(b'BB', flash_mode, flash_size + flash_freq) + if flash_params != image[2:4]: + print('Flash params set to 0x%04x' % struct.unpack(">H", flash_params)) + image = image[0:2] + flash_params + image[4:] + return image + + +def write_flash(esp, args): + # set args.compress based on default behaviour: + # -> if either --compress or --no-compress is set, honour that + # -> otherwise, set --compress unless --no-stub is set + if args.compress is None and not args.no_compress: + args.compress = not args.no_stub + + # In case we have encrypted files to write, we first do few sanity checks before actual flash + if args.encrypt or args.encrypt_files is not None: + do_write = True + + if not esp.secure_download_mode: + if esp.get_encrypted_download_disabled(): + raise FatalError("This chip has encrypt functionality in UART download mode disabled. " + "This is the Flash Encryption configuration for Production mode instead of Development mode.") + + crypt_cfg_efuse = esp.get_flash_crypt_config() + + if crypt_cfg_efuse is not None and crypt_cfg_efuse != 0xF: + print('Unexpected FLASH_CRYPT_CONFIG value: 0x%x' % (crypt_cfg_efuse)) + do_write = False + + enc_key_valid = esp.is_flash_encryption_key_valid() + + if not enc_key_valid: + print('Flash encryption key is not programmed') + do_write = False + + # Determine which files list contain the ones to encrypt + files_to_encrypt = args.addr_filename if args.encrypt else args.encrypt_files + + for address, argfile in files_to_encrypt: + if address % esp.FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN: + print("File %s address 0x%x is not %d byte aligned, can't flash encrypted" % + (argfile.name, address, esp.FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN)) + do_write = False + + if not do_write and not args.ignore_flash_encryption_efuse_setting: + raise FatalError("Can't perform encrypted flash write, consult Flash Encryption documentation for more information") + + # verify file sizes fit in flash + if args.flash_size != 'keep': # TODO: check this even with 'keep' + flash_end = flash_size_bytes(args.flash_size) + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + argfile.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) + if address + argfile.tell() > flash_end: + raise FatalError(("File %s (length %d) at offset %d will not fit in %d bytes of flash. " + "Use --flash-size argument, or change flashing address.") + % (argfile.name, argfile.tell(), address, flash_end)) + argfile.seek(0) + + if args.erase_all: + erase_flash(esp, args) + else: + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + argfile.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) + write_end = address + argfile.tell() + argfile.seek(0) + bytes_over = address % esp.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE + if bytes_over != 0: + print("WARNING: Flash address {:#010x} is not aligned to a {:#x} byte flash sector. " + "{:#x} bytes before this address will be erased." + .format(address, esp.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE, bytes_over)) + # Print the address range of to-be-erased flash memory region + print("Flash will be erased from {:#010x} to {:#010x}..." + .format(address - bytes_over, div_roundup(write_end, esp.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE) * esp.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) + + """ Create a list describing all the files we have to flash. Each entry holds an "encrypt" flag + marking whether the file needs encryption or not. This list needs to be sorted. + + First, append to each entry of our addr_filename list the flag args.encrypt + For example, if addr_filename is [(0x1000, "partition.bin"), (0x8000, "bootloader")], + all_files will be [(0x1000, "partition.bin", args.encrypt), (0x8000, "bootloader", args.encrypt)], + where, of course, args.encrypt is either True or False + """ + all_files = [(offs, filename, args.encrypt) for (offs, filename) in args.addr_filename] + + """Now do the same with encrypt_files list, if defined. + In this case, the flag is True + """ + if args.encrypt_files is not None: + encrypted_files_flag = [(offs, filename, True) for (offs, filename) in args.encrypt_files] + + # Concatenate both lists and sort them. + # As both list are already sorted, we could simply do a merge instead, + # but for the sake of simplicity and because the lists are very small, + # let's use sorted. + all_files = sorted(all_files + encrypted_files_flag, key=lambda x: x[0]) + + for address, argfile, encrypted in all_files: + compress = args.compress + + # Check whether we can compress the current file before flashing + if compress and encrypted: + print('\nWARNING: - compress and encrypt options are mutually exclusive ') + print('Will flash %s uncompressed' % argfile.name) + compress = False + + if args.no_stub: + print('Erasing flash...') + image = pad_to(argfile.read(), esp.FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN if encrypted else 4) + if len(image) == 0: + print('WARNING: File %s is empty' % argfile.name) + continue + image = _update_image_flash_params(esp, address, args, image) + calcmd5 = hashlib.md5(image).hexdigest() + uncsize = len(image) + if compress: + uncimage = image + image = zlib.compress(uncimage, 9) + # Decompress the compressed binary a block at a time, to dynamically calculate the + # timeout based on the real write size + decompress = zlib.decompressobj() + blocks = esp.flash_defl_begin(uncsize, len(image), address) + else: + blocks = esp.flash_begin(uncsize, address, begin_rom_encrypted=encrypted) + argfile.seek(0) # in case we need it again + seq = 0 + bytes_sent = 0 # bytes sent on wire + bytes_written = 0 # bytes written to flash + t = time.time() + + timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT + + while len(image) > 0: + print_overwrite('Writing at 0x%08x... (%d %%)' % (address + bytes_written, 100 * (seq + 1) // blocks)) + sys.stdout.flush() + block = image[0:esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE] + if compress: + # feeding each compressed block into the decompressor lets us see block-by-block how much will be written + block_uncompressed = len(decompress.decompress(block)) + bytes_written += block_uncompressed + block_timeout = max(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, timeout_per_mb(ERASE_WRITE_TIMEOUT_PER_MB, block_uncompressed)) + if not esp.IS_STUB: + timeout = block_timeout # ROM code writes block to flash before ACKing + esp.flash_defl_block(block, seq, timeout=timeout) + if esp.IS_STUB: + timeout = block_timeout # Stub ACKs when block is received, then writes to flash while receiving the block after it + else: + # Pad the last block + block = block + b'\xff' * (esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE - len(block)) + if encrypted: + esp.flash_encrypt_block(block, seq) + else: + esp.flash_block(block, seq) + bytes_written += len(block) + bytes_sent += len(block) + image = image[esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE:] + seq += 1 + + if esp.IS_STUB: + # Stub only writes each block to flash after 'ack'ing the receive, so do a final dummy operation which will + # not be 'ack'ed until the last block has actually been written out to flash + esp.read_reg(ESPLoader.CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_REG_ADDR, timeout=timeout) + + t = time.time() - t + speed_msg = "" + if compress: + if t > 0.0: + speed_msg = " (effective %.1f kbit/s)" % (uncsize / t * 8 / 1000) + print_overwrite('Wrote %d bytes (%d compressed) at 0x%08x in %.1f seconds%s...' % (uncsize, + bytes_sent, + address, t, speed_msg), last_line=True) + else: + if t > 0.0: + speed_msg = " (%.1f kbit/s)" % (bytes_written / t * 8 / 1000) + print_overwrite('Wrote %d bytes at 0x%08x in %.1f seconds%s...' % (bytes_written, address, t, speed_msg), last_line=True) + + if not encrypted and not esp.secure_download_mode: + try: + res = esp.flash_md5sum(address, uncsize) + if res != calcmd5: + print('File md5: %s' % calcmd5) + print('Flash md5: %s' % res) + print('MD5 of 0xFF is %s' % (hashlib.md5(b'\xFF' * uncsize).hexdigest())) + raise FatalError("MD5 of file does not match data in flash!") + else: + print('Hash of data verified.') + except NotImplementedInROMError: + pass + + print('\nLeaving...') + + if esp.IS_STUB: + # skip sending flash_finish to ROM loader here, + # as it causes the loader to exit and run user code + esp.flash_begin(0, 0) + + # Get the "encrypted" flag for the last file flashed + # Note: all_files list contains triplets like: + # (address: Integer, filename: String, encrypted: Boolean) + last_file_encrypted = all_files[-1][2] + + # Check whether the last file flashed was compressed or not + if args.compress and not last_file_encrypted: + esp.flash_defl_finish(False) + else: + esp.flash_finish(False) + + if args.verify: + print('Verifying just-written flash...') + print('(This option is deprecated, flash contents are now always read back after flashing.)') + # If some encrypted files have been flashed print a warning saying that we won't check them + if args.encrypt or args.encrypt_files is not None: + print('WARNING: - cannot verify encrypted files, they will be ignored') + # Call verify_flash function only if there at least one non-encrypted file flashed + if not args.encrypt: + verify_flash(esp, args) + + +def image_info(args): + image = LoadFirmwareImage(args.chip, args.filename) + print('Image version: %d' % image.version) + print('Entry point: %08x' % image.entrypoint if image.entrypoint != 0 else 'Entry point not set') + print('%d segments' % len(image.segments)) + print() + idx = 0 + for seg in image.segments: + idx += 1 + segs = seg.get_memory_type(image) + seg_name = ",".join(segs) + print('Segment %d: %r [%s]' % (idx, seg, seg_name)) + calc_checksum = image.calculate_checksum() + print('Checksum: %02x (%s)' % (image.checksum, + 'valid' if image.checksum == calc_checksum else 'invalid - calculated %02x' % calc_checksum)) + try: + digest_msg = 'Not appended' + if image.append_digest: + is_valid = image.stored_digest == image.calc_digest + digest_msg = "%s (%s)" % (hexify(image.calc_digest).lower(), + "valid" if is_valid else "invalid") + print('Validation Hash: %s' % digest_msg) + except AttributeError: + pass # ESP8266 image has no append_digest field + + +def make_image(args): + image = ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage() + if len(args.segfile) == 0: + raise FatalError('No segments specified') + if len(args.segfile) != len(args.segaddr): + raise FatalError('Number of specified files does not match number of specified addresses') + for (seg, addr) in zip(args.segfile, args.segaddr): + with open(seg, 'rb') as f: + data = f.read() + image.segments.append(ImageSegment(addr, data)) + image.entrypoint = args.entrypoint + image.save(args.output) + + +def elf2image(args): + e = ELFFile(args.input) + if args.chip == 'auto': # Default to ESP8266 for backwards compatibility + print("Creating image for ESP8266...") + args.chip = 'esp8266' + + if args.chip == 'esp32': + image = ESP32FirmwareImage() + if args.secure_pad: + image.secure_pad = '1' + elif args.secure_pad_v2: + image.secure_pad = '2' + elif args.chip == 'esp32s2': + image = ESP32S2FirmwareImage() + if args.secure_pad_v2: + image.secure_pad = '2' + elif args.chip == 'esp32s3beta2': + image = ESP32S3BETA2FirmwareImage() + if args.secure_pad_v2: + image.secure_pad = '2' + elif args.chip == 'esp32s3beta3': + image = ESP32S3BETA3FirmwareImage() + if args.secure_pad_v2: + image.secure_pad = '2' + elif args.chip == 'esp32c3': + image = ESP32C3FirmwareImage() + if args.secure_pad_v2: + image.secure_pad = '2' + elif args.chip == 'esp32c6beta': + image = ESP32C6BETAFirmwareImage() + if args.secure_pad_v2: + image.secure_pad = '2' + elif args.version == '1': # ESP8266 + image = ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage() + else: + image = ESP8266V2FirmwareImage() + image.entrypoint = e.entrypoint + image.flash_mode = {'qio': 0, 'qout': 1, 'dio': 2, 'dout': 3}[args.flash_mode] + + if args.chip != 'esp8266': + image.min_rev = int(args.min_rev) + + # ELFSection is a subclass of ImageSegment, so can use interchangeably + image.segments = e.segments if args.use_segments else e.sections + + image.flash_size_freq = image.ROM_LOADER.FLASH_SIZES[args.flash_size] + image.flash_size_freq += {'40m': 0, '26m': 1, '20m': 2, '80m': 0xf}[args.flash_freq] + + if args.elf_sha256_offset: + image.elf_sha256 = e.sha256() + image.elf_sha256_offset = args.elf_sha256_offset + + before = len(image.segments) + image.merge_adjacent_segments() + if len(image.segments) != before: + delta = before - len(image.segments) + print("Merged %d ELF section%s" % (delta, "s" if delta > 1 else "")) + + image.verify() + + if args.output is None: + args.output = image.default_output_name(args.input) + image.save(args.output) + + +def read_mac(esp, args): + mac = esp.read_mac() + + def print_mac(label, mac): + print('%s: %s' % (label, ':'.join(map(lambda x: '%02x' % x, mac)))) + print_mac("MAC", mac) + + +def chip_id(esp, args): + try: + chipid = esp.chip_id() + print('Chip ID: 0x%08x' % chipid) + except NotSupportedError: + print('Warning: %s has no Chip ID. Reading MAC instead.' % esp.CHIP_NAME) + read_mac(esp, args) + + +def erase_flash(esp, args): + print('Erasing flash (this may take a while)...') + t = time.time() + esp.erase_flash() + print('Chip erase completed successfully in %.1fs' % (time.time() - t)) + + +def erase_region(esp, args): + print('Erasing region (may be slow depending on size)...') + t = time.time() + esp.erase_region(args.address, args.size) + print('Erase completed successfully in %.1f seconds.' % (time.time() - t)) + + +def run(esp, args): + esp.run() + + +def flash_id(esp, args): + flash_id = esp.flash_id() + print('Manufacturer: %02x' % (flash_id & 0xff)) + flid_lowbyte = (flash_id >> 16) & 0xFF + print('Device: %02x%02x' % ((flash_id >> 8) & 0xff, flid_lowbyte)) + print('Detected flash size: %s' % (DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES.get(flid_lowbyte, "Unknown"))) + + +def read_flash(esp, args): + if args.no_progress: + flash_progress = None + else: + def flash_progress(progress, length): + msg = '%d (%d %%)' % (progress, progress * 100.0 / length) + padding = '\b' * len(msg) + if progress == length: + padding = '\n' + sys.stdout.write(msg + padding) + sys.stdout.flush() + t = time.time() + data = esp.read_flash(args.address, args.size, flash_progress) + t = time.time() - t + print_overwrite('Read %d bytes at 0x%x in %.1f seconds (%.1f kbit/s)...' + % (len(data), args.address, t, len(data) / t * 8 / 1000), last_line=True) + with open(args.filename, 'wb') as f: + f.write(data) + + +def verify_flash(esp, args): + differences = False + + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + image = pad_to(argfile.read(), 4) + argfile.seek(0) # rewind in case we need it again + + image = _update_image_flash_params(esp, address, args, image) + + image_size = len(image) + print('Verifying 0x%x (%d) bytes @ 0x%08x in flash against %s...' % (image_size, image_size, address, argfile.name)) + # Try digest first, only read if there are differences. + digest = esp.flash_md5sum(address, image_size) + expected_digest = hashlib.md5(image).hexdigest() + if digest == expected_digest: + print('-- verify OK (digest matched)') + continue + else: + differences = True + if getattr(args, 'diff', 'no') != 'yes': + print('-- verify FAILED (digest mismatch)') + continue + + flash = esp.read_flash(address, image_size) + assert flash != image + diff = [i for i in range(image_size) if flash[i] != image[i]] + print('-- verify FAILED: %d differences, first @ 0x%08x' % (len(diff), address + diff[0])) + for d in diff: + flash_byte = flash[d] + image_byte = image[d] + if PYTHON2: + flash_byte = ord(flash_byte) + image_byte = ord(image_byte) + print(' %08x %02x %02x' % (address + d, flash_byte, image_byte)) + if differences: + raise FatalError("Verify failed.") + + +def read_flash_status(esp, args): + print('Status value: 0x%04x' % esp.read_status(args.bytes)) + + +def write_flash_status(esp, args): + fmt = "0x%%0%dx" % (args.bytes * 2) + args.value = args.value & ((1 << (args.bytes * 8)) - 1) + print(('Initial flash status: ' + fmt) % esp.read_status(args.bytes)) + print(('Setting flash status: ' + fmt) % args.value) + esp.write_status(args.value, args.bytes, args.non_volatile) + print(('After flash status: ' + fmt) % esp.read_status(args.bytes)) + + +def get_security_info(esp, args): + (flags, flash_crypt_cnt, key_purposes) = esp.get_security_info() + # TODO: better display + print('Flags: 0x%08x (%s)' % (flags, bin(flags))) + print('Flash_Crypt_Cnt: 0x%x' % flash_crypt_cnt) + print('Key_Purposes: %s' % (key_purposes,)) + + +def merge_bin(args): + chip_class = _chip_to_rom_loader(args.chip) + + # sort the files by offset. The AddrFilenamePairAction has already checked for overlap + input_files = sorted(args.addr_filename, key=lambda x: x[0]) + if not input_files: + raise FatalError("No input files specified") + first_addr = input_files[0][0] + if first_addr < args.target_offset: + raise FatalError("Output file target offset is 0x%x. Input file offset 0x%x is before this." % (args.target_offset, first_addr)) + + if args.format != 'raw': + raise FatalError("This version of esptool only supports the 'raw' output format") + + with open(args.output, 'wb') as of: + def pad_to(flash_offs): + # account for output file offset if there is any + of.write(b'\xFF' * (flash_offs - args.target_offset - of.tell())) + for addr, argfile in input_files: + pad_to(addr) + image = argfile.read() + image = _update_image_flash_params(chip_class, addr, args, image) + of.write(image) + if args.fill_flash_size: + pad_to(flash_size_bytes(args.fill_flash_size)) + print("Wrote 0x%x bytes to file %s, ready to flash to offset 0x%x" % (of.tell(), args.output, args.target_offset)) + + +def version(args): + print(__version__) + +# +# End of operations functions +# + + +def main(argv=None, esp=None): + """ + Main function for esptool + + argv - Optional override for default arguments parsing (that uses sys.argv), can be a list of custom arguments + as strings. Arguments and their values need to be added as individual items to the list e.g. "-b 115200" thus + becomes ['-b', '115200']. + + esp - Optional override of the connected device previously returned by get_default_connected_device() + """ + + external_esp = esp is not None + + parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='esptool.py v%s - ESP8266 ROM Bootloader Utility' % __version__, prog='esptool') + + parser.add_argument('--chip', '-c', + help='Target chip type', + type=lambda c: c.lower().replace('-', ''), # support ESP32-S2, etc. + choices=['auto', 'esp8266', 'esp32', 'esp32s2', 'esp32s3beta2', 'esp32s3beta3', 'esp32c3', 'esp32c6beta'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_CHIP', 'auto')) + + parser.add_argument( + '--port', '-p', + help='Serial port device', + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_PORT', None)) + + parser.add_argument( + '--baud', '-b', + help='Serial port baud rate used when flashing/reading', + type=arg_auto_int, + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_BAUD', ESPLoader.ESP_ROM_BAUD)) + + parser.add_argument( + '--before', + help='What to do before connecting to the chip', + choices=['default_reset', 'usb_reset', 'no_reset', 'no_reset_no_sync'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_BEFORE', 'default_reset')) + + parser.add_argument( + '--after', '-a', + help='What to do after esptool.py is finished', + choices=['hard_reset', 'soft_reset', 'no_reset', 'no_reset_stub'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_AFTER', 'hard_reset')) + + parser.add_argument( + '--no-stub', + help="Disable launching the flasher stub, only talk to ROM bootloader. Some features will not be available.", + action='store_true') + + parser.add_argument( + '--trace', '-t', + help="Enable trace-level output of esptool.py interactions.", + action='store_true') + + parser.add_argument( + '--override-vddsdio', + help="Override ESP32 VDDSDIO internal voltage regulator (use with care)", + choices=ESP32ROM.OVERRIDE_VDDSDIO_CHOICES, + nargs='?') + + parser.add_argument( + '--connect-attempts', + help=('Number of attempts to connect, negative or 0 for infinite. ' + 'Default: %d.' % DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS), + type=int, + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS', DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS)) + + subparsers = parser.add_subparsers( + dest='operation', + help='Run esptool {command} -h for additional help') + + def add_spi_connection_arg(parent): + parent.add_argument('--spi-connection', '-sc', help='ESP32-only argument. Override default SPI Flash connection. ' + 'Value can be SPI, HSPI or a comma-separated list of 5 I/O numbers to use for SPI flash (CLK,Q,D,HD,CS).', + action=SpiConnectionAction) + + parser_load_ram = subparsers.add_parser( + 'load_ram', + help='Download an image to RAM and execute') + parser_load_ram.add_argument('filename', help='Firmware image') + + parser_dump_mem = subparsers.add_parser( + 'dump_mem', + help='Dump arbitrary memory to disk') + parser_dump_mem.add_argument('address', help='Base address', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_dump_mem.add_argument('size', help='Size of region to dump', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_dump_mem.add_argument('filename', help='Name of binary dump') + + parser_read_mem = subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_mem', + help='Read arbitrary memory location') + parser_read_mem.add_argument('address', help='Address to read', type=arg_auto_int) + + parser_write_mem = subparsers.add_parser( + 'write_mem', + help='Read-modify-write to arbitrary memory location') + parser_write_mem.add_argument('address', help='Address to write', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_write_mem.add_argument('value', help='Value', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_write_mem.add_argument('mask', help='Mask of bits to write', type=arg_auto_int, nargs='?', default='0xFFFFFFFF') + + def add_spi_flash_subparsers(parent, allow_keep, auto_detect): + """ Add common parser arguments for SPI flash properties """ + extra_keep_args = ['keep'] if allow_keep else [] + + if auto_detect and allow_keep: + extra_fs_message = ", detect, or keep" + elif auto_detect: + extra_fs_message = ", or detect" + elif allow_keep: + extra_fs_message = ", or keep" + else: + extra_fs_message = "" + + parent.add_argument('--flash_freq', '-ff', help='SPI Flash frequency', + choices=extra_keep_args + ['40m', '26m', '20m', '80m'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_FF', 'keep' if allow_keep else '40m')) + parent.add_argument('--flash_mode', '-fm', help='SPI Flash mode', + choices=extra_keep_args + ['qio', 'qout', 'dio', 'dout'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_FM', 'keep' if allow_keep else 'qio')) + parent.add_argument('--flash_size', '-fs', help='SPI Flash size in MegaBytes (1MB, 2MB, 4MB, 8MB, 16M)' + ' plus ESP8266-only (256KB, 512KB, 2MB-c1, 4MB-c1)' + extra_fs_message, + action=FlashSizeAction, auto_detect=auto_detect, + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_FS', 'keep' if allow_keep else '1MB')) + add_spi_connection_arg(parent) + + parser_write_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'write_flash', + help='Write a binary blob to flash') + + parser_write_flash.add_argument('addr_filename', metavar='
', help='Address followed by binary filename, separated by space', + action=AddrFilenamePairAction) + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--erase-all', '-e', + help='Erase all regions of flash (not just write areas) before programming', + action="store_true") + + add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_write_flash, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=True) + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--no-progress', '-p', help='Suppress progress output', action="store_true") + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--verify', help='Verify just-written data on flash ' + '(mostly superfluous, data is read back during flashing)', action='store_true') + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--encrypt', help='Apply flash encryption when writing data (required correct efuse settings)', + action='store_true') + # In order to not break backward compatibility, our list of encrypted files to flash is a new parameter + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--encrypt-files', metavar='
', + help='Files to be encrypted on the flash. Address followed by binary filename, separated by space.', + action=AddrFilenamePairAction) + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--ignore-flash-encryption-efuse-setting', help='Ignore flash encryption efuse settings ', + action='store_true') + + compress_args = parser_write_flash.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=False) + compress_args.add_argument('--compress', '-z', help='Compress data in transfer (default unless --no-stub is specified)', + action="store_true", default=None) + compress_args.add_argument('--no-compress', '-u', help='Disable data compression during transfer (default if --no-stub is specified)', + action="store_true") + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'run', + help='Run application code in flash') + + parser_image_info = subparsers.add_parser( + 'image_info', + help='Dump headers from an application image') + parser_image_info.add_argument('filename', help='Image file to parse') + + parser_make_image = subparsers.add_parser( + 'make_image', + help='Create an application image from binary files') + parser_make_image.add_argument('output', help='Output image file') + parser_make_image.add_argument('--segfile', '-f', action='append', help='Segment input file') + parser_make_image.add_argument('--segaddr', '-a', action='append', help='Segment base address', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_make_image.add_argument('--entrypoint', '-e', help='Address of entry point', type=arg_auto_int, default=0) + + parser_elf2image = subparsers.add_parser( + 'elf2image', + help='Create an application image from ELF file') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('input', help='Input ELF file') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--output', '-o', help='Output filename prefix (for version 1 image), or filename (for version 2 single image)', type=str) + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--version', '-e', help='Output image version', choices=['1', '2'], default='1') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--min-rev', '-r', help='Minimum chip revision', choices=['0', '1', '2', '3'], default='0') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--secure-pad', action='store_true', + help='Pad image so once signed it will end on a 64KB boundary. For Secure Boot v1 images only.') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--secure-pad-v2', action='store_true', + help='Pad image to 64KB, so once signed its signature sector will start at the next 64K block. ' + 'For Secure Boot v2 images only.') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--elf-sha256-offset', help='If set, insert SHA256 hash (32 bytes) of the input ELF file at specified offset in the binary.', + type=arg_auto_int, default=None) + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--use_segments', help='If set, ELF segments will be used instead of ELF sections to genereate the image.', + action='store_true') + + add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_elf2image, allow_keep=False, auto_detect=False) + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_mac', + help='Read MAC address from OTP ROM') + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'chip_id', + help='Read Chip ID from OTP ROM') + + parser_flash_id = subparsers.add_parser( + 'flash_id', + help='Read SPI flash manufacturer and device ID') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_flash_id) + + parser_read_status = subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_flash_status', + help='Read SPI flash status register') + + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_read_status) + parser_read_status.add_argument('--bytes', help='Number of bytes to read (1-3)', type=int, choices=[1, 2, 3], default=2) + + parser_write_status = subparsers.add_parser( + 'write_flash_status', + help='Write SPI flash status register') + + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_write_status) + parser_write_status.add_argument('--non-volatile', help='Write non-volatile bits (use with caution)', action='store_true') + parser_write_status.add_argument('--bytes', help='Number of status bytes to write (1-3)', type=int, choices=[1, 2, 3], default=2) + parser_write_status.add_argument('value', help='New value', type=arg_auto_int) + + parser_read_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_flash', + help='Read SPI flash content') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_read_flash) + parser_read_flash.add_argument('address', help='Start address', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_read_flash.add_argument('size', help='Size of region to dump', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_read_flash.add_argument('filename', help='Name of binary dump') + parser_read_flash.add_argument('--no-progress', '-p', help='Suppress progress output', action="store_true") + + parser_verify_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'verify_flash', + help='Verify a binary blob against flash') + parser_verify_flash.add_argument('addr_filename', help='Address and binary file to verify there, separated by space', + action=AddrFilenamePairAction) + parser_verify_flash.add_argument('--diff', '-d', help='Show differences', + choices=['no', 'yes'], default='no') + add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_verify_flash, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=True) + + parser_erase_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'erase_flash', + help='Perform Chip Erase on SPI flash') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_erase_flash) + + parser_erase_region = subparsers.add_parser( + 'erase_region', + help='Erase a region of the flash') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_erase_region) + parser_erase_region.add_argument('address', help='Start address (must be multiple of 4096)', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_erase_region.add_argument('size', help='Size of region to erase (must be multiple of 4096)', type=arg_auto_int) + + parser_merge_bin = subparsers.add_parser( + 'merge_bin', + help='Merge multiple raw binary files into a single file for later flashing') + + parser_merge_bin.add_argument('--output', '-o', help='Output filename', type=str, required=True) + parser_merge_bin.add_argument('--format', '-f', help='Format of the output file', choices='raw', default='raw') # for future expansion + add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_merge_bin, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=False) + + parser_merge_bin.add_argument('--target-offset', '-t', help='Target offset where the output file will be flashed', + type=arg_auto_int, default=0) + parser_merge_bin.add_argument('--fill-flash-size', help='If set, the final binary file will be padded with FF ' + 'bytes up to this flash size.', action=FlashSizeAction) + parser_merge_bin.add_argument('addr_filename', metavar='
', + help='Address followed by binary filename, separated by space', + action=AddrFilenamePairAction) + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'version', help='Print esptool version') + + subparsers.add_parser('get_security_info', help='Get some security-related data') + + # internal sanity check - every operation matches a module function of the same name + for operation in subparsers.choices.keys(): + assert operation in globals(), "%s should be a module function" % operation + + argv = expand_file_arguments(argv or sys.argv[1:]) + + args = parser.parse_args(argv) + print('esptool.py v%s' % __version__) + + # operation function can take 1 arg (args), 2 args (esp, arg) + # or be a member function of the ESPLoader class. + + if args.operation is None: + parser.print_help() + sys.exit(1) + + # Forbid the usage of both --encrypt, which means encrypt all the given files, + # and --encrypt-files, which represents the list of files to encrypt. + # The reason is that allowing both at the same time increases the chances of + # having contradictory lists (e.g. one file not available in one of list). + if args.operation == "write_flash" and args.encrypt and args.encrypt_files is not None: + raise FatalError("Options --encrypt and --encrypt-files must not be specified at the same time.") + + operation_func = globals()[args.operation] + + if PYTHON2: + # This function is depreciated in Python3 + operation_args = inspect.getargspec(operation_func).args + else: + operation_args = inspect.getfullargspec(operation_func).args + + if operation_args[0] == 'esp': # operation function takes an ESPLoader connection object + if args.before != "no_reset_no_sync": + initial_baud = min(ESPLoader.ESP_ROM_BAUD, args.baud) # don't sync faster than the default baud rate + else: + initial_baud = args.baud + + if args.port is None: + ser_list = get_port_list() + print("Found %d serial ports" % len(ser_list)) + else: + ser_list = [args.port] + esp = esp or get_default_connected_device(ser_list, port=args.port, connect_attempts=args.connect_attempts, + initial_baud=initial_baud, chip=args.chip, trace=args.trace, + before=args.before) + if esp is None: + raise FatalError("Could not connect to an Espressif device on any of the %d available serial ports." % len(ser_list)) + + if esp.secure_download_mode: + print("Chip is %s in Secure Download Mode" % esp.CHIP_NAME) + else: + print("Chip is %s" % (esp.get_chip_description())) + print("Features: %s" % ", ".join(esp.get_chip_features())) + print("Crystal is %dMHz" % esp.get_crystal_freq()) + read_mac(esp, args) + + if not args.no_stub: + if esp.secure_download_mode: + print("WARNING: Stub loader is not supported in Secure Download Mode, setting --no-stub") + args.no_stub = True + else: + esp = esp.run_stub() + + if args.override_vddsdio: + esp.override_vddsdio(args.override_vddsdio) + + if args.baud > initial_baud: + try: + esp.change_baud(args.baud) + except NotImplementedInROMError: + print("WARNING: ROM doesn't support changing baud rate. Keeping initial baud rate %d" % initial_baud) + + # override common SPI flash parameter stuff if configured to do so + if hasattr(args, "spi_connection") and args.spi_connection is not None: + if esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32": + raise FatalError("Chip %s does not support --spi-connection option." % esp.CHIP_NAME) + print("Configuring SPI flash mode...") + esp.flash_spi_attach(args.spi_connection) + elif args.no_stub: + print("Enabling default SPI flash mode...") + # ROM loader doesn't enable flash unless we explicitly do it + esp.flash_spi_attach(0) + + if hasattr(args, "flash_size"): + print("Configuring flash size...") + detect_flash_size(esp, args) + if args.flash_size != 'keep': # TODO: should set this even with 'keep' + esp.flash_set_parameters(flash_size_bytes(args.flash_size)) + + try: + operation_func(esp, args) + finally: + try: # Clean up AddrFilenamePairAction files + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + argfile.close() + except AttributeError: + pass + + # Handle post-operation behaviour (reset or other) + if operation_func == load_ram: + # the ESP is now running the loaded image, so let it run + print('Exiting immediately.') + elif args.after == 'hard_reset': + esp.hard_reset() + elif args.after == 'soft_reset': + print('Soft resetting...') + # flash_finish will trigger a soft reset + esp.soft_reset(False) + elif args.after == 'no_reset_stub': + print('Staying in flasher stub.') + else: # args.after == 'no_reset' + print('Staying in bootloader.') + if esp.IS_STUB: + esp.soft_reset(True) # exit stub back to ROM loader + + if not external_esp: + esp._port.close() + + else: + operation_func(args) + + +def get_port_list(): + if list_ports is None: + raise FatalError("Listing all serial ports is currently not available. Please try to specify the port when " + "running esptool.py or update the pyserial package to the latest version") + return sorted(ports.device for ports in list_ports.comports()) + + +def expand_file_arguments(argv): + """ Any argument starting with "@" gets replaced with all values read from a text file. + Text file arguments can be split by newline or by space. + Values are added "as-is", as if they were specified in this order on the command line. + """ + new_args = [] + expanded = False + for arg in argv: + if arg.startswith("@"): + expanded = True + with open(arg[1:], "r") as f: + for line in f.readlines(): + new_args += shlex.split(line) + else: + new_args.append(arg) + if expanded: + print("esptool.py %s" % (" ".join(new_args[1:]))) + return new_args + return argv + + +class FlashSizeAction(argparse.Action): + """ Custom flash size parser class to support backwards compatibility with megabit size arguments. + + (At next major relase, remove deprecated sizes and this can become a 'normal' choices= argument again.) + """ + def __init__(self, option_strings, dest, nargs=1, auto_detect=False, **kwargs): + super(FlashSizeAction, self).__init__(option_strings, dest, nargs, **kwargs) + self._auto_detect = auto_detect + + def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None): + try: + value = { + '2m': '256KB', + '4m': '512KB', + '8m': '1MB', + '16m': '2MB', + '32m': '4MB', + '16m-c1': '2MB-c1', + '32m-c1': '4MB-c1', + }[values[0]] + print("WARNING: Flash size arguments in megabits like '%s' are deprecated." % (values[0])) + print("Please use the equivalent size '%s'." % (value)) + print("Megabit arguments may be removed in a future release.") + except KeyError: + value = values[0] + + known_sizes = dict(ESP8266ROM.FLASH_SIZES) + known_sizes.update(ESP32ROM.FLASH_SIZES) + if self._auto_detect: + known_sizes['detect'] = 'detect' + known_sizes['keep'] = 'keep' + if value not in known_sizes: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a known flash size. Known sizes: %s' % (value, ", ".join(known_sizes.keys()))) + setattr(namespace, self.dest, value) + + +class SpiConnectionAction(argparse.Action): + """ Custom action to parse 'spi connection' override. Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers separated by commas. + """ + def __call__(self, parser, namespace, value, option_string=None): + if value.upper() == "SPI": + value = 0 + elif value.upper() == "HSPI": + value = 1 + elif "," in value: + values = value.split(",") + if len(values) != 5: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a valid list of comma-separate pin numbers. Must be 5 numbers - CLK,Q,D,HD,CS.' % value) + try: + values = tuple(int(v, 0) for v in values) + except ValueError: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a valid argument. All pins must be numeric values' % values) + if any([v for v in values if v > 33 or v < 0]): + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, 'Pin numbers must be in the range 0-33.') + # encode the pin numbers as a 32-bit integer with packed 6-bit values, the same way ESP32 ROM takes them + # TODO: make this less ESP32 ROM specific somehow... + clk, q, d, hd, cs = values + value = (hd << 24) | (cs << 18) | (d << 12) | (q << 6) | clk + else: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a valid spi-connection value. ' + 'Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers CLK,Q,D,HD,CS).' % value) + setattr(namespace, self.dest, value) + + +class AddrFilenamePairAction(argparse.Action): + """ Custom parser class for the address/filename pairs passed as arguments """ + def __init__(self, option_strings, dest, nargs='+', **kwargs): + super(AddrFilenamePairAction, self).__init__(option_strings, dest, nargs, **kwargs) + + def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None): + # validate pair arguments + pairs = [] + for i in range(0, len(values), 2): + try: + address = int(values[i], 0) + except ValueError: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, 'Address "%s" must be a number' % values[i]) + try: + argfile = open(values[i + 1], 'rb') + except IOError as e: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, e) + except IndexError: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, 'Must be pairs of an address and the binary filename to write there') + pairs.append((address, argfile)) + + # Sort the addresses and check for overlapping + end = 0 + for address, argfile in sorted(pairs, key=lambda x: x[0]): + argfile.seek(0, 2) # seek to end + size = argfile.tell() + argfile.seek(0) + sector_start = address & ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1) + sector_end = ((address + size + ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1) & ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) - 1 + if sector_start < end: + message = 'Detected overlap at address: 0x%x for file: %s' % (address, argfile.name) + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, message) + end = sector_end + setattr(namespace, self.dest, pairs) + + +# Binary stub code (see flasher_stub dir for source & details) +ESP8266ROM.STUB_CODE = eval(zlib.decompress(base64.b64decode(b""" +eNq9PGtD3Da2f8U2BBgCjWTP2HIezTDAJGmTbUI3NO2lLfIr3dymJRO2YbvJ/e3X5yXLngGSbbcfBvyQpaPzPkdH+vfmeX1xvnk7KDZPLqw5udDq5EKpaftHn1w0Dfzm5/Co++Xtz+Db++0DI03bG6PoJy3N2L+f\ 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+ctpOCye6cJ52TQw12Cbu8OYpOe/6o09RfuP6gswk9BbyYB0aX5+hiuDe4+GIiutvtgtgzBMJpaGqqnvdkuRtT79qILORBl9N1l6Ogsvfv/rOidQ2pJ5nwmmWkPyeYVzK+0UK65IL7kMhEtA+hugBadZ1+W4Ax0l3\ +ktwcbTv+PVTM/ubsny19DN77xBDiEa4isVZu9XWMD/pYVVGTslNv6ZLJazPNETf/WrxRRMW7WmHBBTcJucMfskl9/BB3O5jkVJ7yN5yMXZzeQ8vwjvQLReScHp3sTqNTeXWEIRRQOufEQZNXbeNY/QyEbJH836zI\ +HcSG6Bmd/lByDmzph2JEhHBK+So5MLWBo2cIBpQHUPGkjzgSKftN760HEYoeZ1R4H0Gfd9MbIEqliEl1Kv12PvnfABjpiDh1x4QTDQofNZRKEXHAyidiq7u9JW6sOyVJHUl5rWWm3mm2ZSg+FFDXXG1zchFvdLlc\ +3kOKJG0jtmskBhVbpRimX+ggufbWXPyQtyrTxwfolqeoZFL0y9NZg355enYCl0/vH6CiTh/gMjrm0cu61zEnKjCHf96h1yt/ebcsLvCSpTVZFlubxyZcqRfLi0/t4GAQ5WGwKpaFvo0JXAWHOpTh/irGprEz8ep/\ +TB3fMw==\ +"""))) + + +def _main(): + try: + main() + except FatalError as e: + print('\nA fatal error occurred: %s' % e) + sys.exit(2) + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + _main() diff --git a/Precompiled/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.zip b/Precompiled/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.zip index 860b487..d51bbd6 100644 Binary files a/Precompiled/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.zip and b/Precompiled/rnode_firmware_latest_tbeam.zip differ