// Copyright (c) Sandeep Mistry. All rights reserved. // Licensed under the MIT license. // Modifications and additions copyright 2023 by Mark Qvist // Obviously still under the MIT license. #include "Boards.h" #if MODEM == SX1276 #include "sx127x.h" #if MCU_VARIANT == MCU_ESP32 #if MCU_VARIANT == MCU_ESP32 and !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3) #include "soc/rtc_wdt.h" #endif #define ISR_VECT IRAM_ATTR #else #define ISR_VECT #endif // Registers #define REG_FIFO_7X 0x00 #define REG_OP_MODE_7X 0x01 #define REG_FRF_MSB_7X 0x06 #define REG_FRF_MID_7X 0x07 #define REG_FRF_LSB_7X 0x08 #define REG_PA_CONFIG_7X 0x09 #define REG_OCP_7X 0x0b #define REG_LNA_7X 0x0c #define REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR_7X 0x0d #define REG_FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR_7X 0x0e #define REG_FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR_7X 0x0f #define REG_FIFO_RX_CURRENT_ADDR_7X 0x10 #define REG_IRQ_FLAGS_7X 0x12 #define REG_RX_NB_BYTES_7X 0x13 #define REG_MODEM_STAT_7X 0x18 #define REG_PKT_SNR_VALUE_7X 0x19 #define REG_PKT_RSSI_VALUE_7X 0x1a #define REG_RSSI_VALUE_7X 0x1b #define REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X 0x1d #define REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X 0x1e #define REG_PREAMBLE_MSB_7X 0x20 #define REG_PREAMBLE_LSB_7X 0x21 #define REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_7X 0x22 #define REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3_7X 0x26 #define REG_FREQ_ERROR_MSB_7X 0x28 #define REG_FREQ_ERROR_MID_7X 0x29 #define REG_FREQ_ERROR_LSB_7X 0x2a #define REG_RSSI_WIDEBAND_7X 0x2c #define REG_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE_7X 0x31 #define REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1_7X 0x36 #define REG_DETECTION_THRESHOLD_7X 0x37 #define REG_SYNC_WORD_7X 0x39 #define REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_2_7X 0x3a #define REG_DIO_MAPPING_1_7X 0x40 #define REG_VERSION_7X 0x42 #define REG_TCXO_7X 0x4b #define REG_PA_DAC_7X 0x4d // Modes #define MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE_7X 0x80 #define MODE_SLEEP_7X 0x00 #define MODE_STDBY_7X 0x01 #define MODE_TX_7X 0x03 #define MODE_RX_CONTINUOUS_7X 0x05 #define MODE_RX_SINGLE_7X 0x06 // PA config #define PA_BOOST_7X 0x80 // IRQ masks #define IRQ_TX_DONE_MASK_7X 0x08 #define IRQ_RX_DONE_MASK_7X 0x40 #define IRQ_PAYLOAD_CRC_ERROR_MASK_7X 0x20 #define SYNC_WORD_7X 0x12 #define MAX_PKT_LENGTH 255 extern SPIClass SPI; sx127x::sx127x() : _spiSettings(8E6, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0), _ss(LORA_DEFAULT_SS_PIN), _reset(LORA_DEFAULT_RESET_PIN), _dio0(LORA_DEFAULT_DIO0_PIN), _frequency(0), _packetIndex(0), _preinit_done(false), _onReceive(NULL) { setTimeout(0); } void sx127x::setSPIFrequency(uint32_t frequency) { _spiSettings = SPISettings(frequency, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE0); } void sx127x::setPins(int ss, int reset, int dio0, int busy) { _ss = ss; _reset = reset; _dio0 = dio0; _busy = busy; } uint8_t ISR_VECT sx127x::readRegister(uint8_t address) { return singleTransfer(address & 0x7f, 0x00); } void sx127x::writeRegister(uint8_t address, uint8_t value) { singleTransfer(address | 0x80, value); } void sx127x::standby() { writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE_7X, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE_7X | MODE_STDBY_7X); } void sx127x::sleep() { writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE_7X, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE_7X | MODE_SLEEP_7X); } uint8_t sx127x::modemStatus() { return readRegister(REG_MODEM_STAT_7X); } void sx127x::setSyncWord(uint8_t sw) { writeRegister(REG_SYNC_WORD_7X, sw); } void sx127x::enableCrc() { writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X) | 0x04); } void sx127x::disableCrc() { writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X) & 0xfb); } void sx127x::enableTCXO() { uint8_t tcxo_reg = readRegister(REG_TCXO_7X); writeRegister(REG_TCXO_7X, tcxo_reg | 0x10); } void sx127x::disableTCXO() { uint8_t tcxo_reg = readRegister(REG_TCXO_7X); writeRegister(REG_TCXO_7X, tcxo_reg & 0xEF); } void sx127x::explicitHeaderMode() { _implicitHeaderMode = 0; writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X) & 0xfe); } void sx127x::implicitHeaderMode() { _implicitHeaderMode = 1; writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X, readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X) | 0x01); } byte sx127x::random() { return readRegister(REG_RSSI_WIDEBAND_7X); } void sx127x::flush() { } bool sx127x::preInit() { pinMode(_ss, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(_ss, HIGH); SPI.begin(); // Check modem version uint8_t version; long start = millis(); while (((millis() - start) < 500) && (millis() >= start)) { version = readRegister(REG_VERSION_7X); if (version == 0x12) { break; } delay(100); } if (version != 0x12) { return false; } _preinit_done = true; return true; } uint8_t ISR_VECT sx127x::singleTransfer(uint8_t address, uint8_t value) { uint8_t response; digitalWrite(_ss, LOW); SPI.beginTransaction(_spiSettings); SPI.transfer(address); response = SPI.transfer(value); SPI.endTransaction(); digitalWrite(_ss, HIGH); return response; } int sx127x::begin(long frequency) { if (_reset != -1) { pinMode(_reset, OUTPUT); // Perform reset digitalWrite(_reset, LOW); delay(10); digitalWrite(_reset, HIGH); delay(10); } if (_busy != -1) { pinMode(_busy, INPUT); } if (!_preinit_done) { if (!preInit()) { return false; } } sleep(); setFrequency(frequency); // set base addresses writeRegister(REG_FIFO_TX_BASE_ADDR_7X, 0); writeRegister(REG_FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR_7X, 0); // set LNA boost and auto AGC writeRegister(REG_LNA_7X, readRegister(REG_LNA_7X) | 0x03); writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3_7X, 0x04); setSyncWord(SYNC_WORD_7X); enableCrc(); setTxPower(2); standby(); return 1; } void sx127x::end() { sleep(); SPI.end(); _preinit_done = false; } int sx127x::beginPacket(int implicitHeader) { standby(); if (implicitHeader) { implicitHeaderMode(); } else { explicitHeaderMode(); } // Reset FIFO address and payload length writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR_7X, 0); writeRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_7X, 0); return 1; } int sx127x::endPacket() { // Enter TX mode writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE_7X, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE_7X | MODE_TX_7X); // Wait for TX completion while ((readRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS_7X) & IRQ_TX_DONE_MASK_7X) == 0) { yield(); } // Clear TX complete IRQ writeRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS_7X, IRQ_TX_DONE_MASK_7X); return 1; } uint8_t sx127x::currentRssiRaw() { uint8_t rssi = readRegister(REG_RSSI_VALUE_7X); return rssi; } int ISR_VECT sx127x::currentRssi() { int rssi = (int)readRegister(REG_RSSI_VALUE_7X) - RSSI_OFFSET; if (_frequency < 820E6) rssi -= 7; return rssi; } uint8_t sx127x::packetRssiRaw() { uint8_t pkt_rssi_value = readRegister(REG_PKT_RSSI_VALUE_7X); return pkt_rssi_value; } int ISR_VECT sx127x::packetRssi() { int pkt_rssi = (int)readRegister(REG_PKT_RSSI_VALUE_7X) - RSSI_OFFSET; int pkt_snr = packetSnr(); if (_frequency < 820E6) pkt_rssi -= 7; if (pkt_snr < 0) { pkt_rssi += pkt_snr; } else { // Slope correction is (16/15)*pkt_rssi, // this estimation looses one floating point // operation, and should be precise enough. pkt_rssi = (int)(1.066 * pkt_rssi); } return pkt_rssi; } uint8_t ISR_VECT sx127x::packetSnrRaw() { return readRegister(REG_PKT_SNR_VALUE_7X); } float ISR_VECT sx127x::packetSnr() { return ((int8_t)readRegister(REG_PKT_SNR_VALUE_7X)) * 0.25; } long sx127x::packetFrequencyError() { int32_t freqError = 0; freqError = static_cast(readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_MSB_7X) & B111); freqError <<= 8L; freqError += static_cast(readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_MID_7X)); freqError <<= 8L; freqError += static_cast(readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_LSB_7X)); if (readRegister(REG_FREQ_ERROR_MSB_7X) & B1000) { // Sign bit is on freqError -= 524288; // B1000'0000'0000'0000'0000 } const float fXtal = 32E6; // FXOSC: crystal oscillator (XTAL) frequency (2.5. Chip Specification, p. 14) const float fError = ((static_cast(freqError) * (1L << 24)) / fXtal) * (getSignalBandwidth() / 500000.0f); return static_cast(fError); } size_t sx127x::write(uint8_t byte) { return write(&byte, sizeof(byte)); } size_t sx127x::write(const uint8_t *buffer, size_t size) { int currentLength = readRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_7X); if ((currentLength + size) > MAX_PKT_LENGTH) { size = MAX_PKT_LENGTH - currentLength; } for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) { writeRegister(REG_FIFO_7X, buffer[i]); } writeRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_7X, currentLength + size); return size; } int ISR_VECT sx127x::available() { return (readRegister(REG_RX_NB_BYTES_7X) - _packetIndex); } int ISR_VECT sx127x::read() { if (!available()) { return -1; } _packetIndex++; return readRegister(REG_FIFO_7X); } int sx127x::peek() { if (!available()) { return -1; } // Remember current FIFO address, read, and then reset address int currentAddress = readRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR_7X); uint8_t b = readRegister(REG_FIFO_7X); writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR_7X, currentAddress); return b; } void sx127x::onReceive(void(*callback)(int)) { _onReceive = callback; if (callback) { pinMode(_dio0, INPUT); writeRegister(REG_DIO_MAPPING_1_7X, 0x00); #ifdef SPI_HAS_NOTUSINGINTERRUPT SPI.usingInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0)); #endif attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0), sx127x::onDio0Rise, RISING); } else { detachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0)); #ifdef SPI_HAS_NOTUSINGINTERRUPT SPI.notUsingInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(_dio0)); #endif } } void sx127x::receive(int size) { if (size > 0) { implicitHeaderMode(); writeRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_7X, size & 0xff); } else { explicitHeaderMode(); } writeRegister(REG_OP_MODE_7X, MODE_LONG_RANGE_MODE_7X | MODE_RX_CONTINUOUS_7X); } void sx127x::setTxPower(int level, int outputPin) { // Setup according to RFO or PA_BOOST output pin if (PA_OUTPUT_RFO_PIN == outputPin) { if (level < 0) { level = 0; } else if (level > 14) { level = 14; } writeRegister(REG_PA_DAC_7X, 0x84); writeRegister(REG_PA_CONFIG_7X, 0x70 | level); } else { if (level < 2) { level = 2; } else if (level > 17) { level = 17; } writeRegister(REG_PA_DAC_7X, 0x84); writeRegister(REG_PA_CONFIG_7X, PA_BOOST_7X | (level - 2)); } } uint8_t sx127x::getTxPower() { byte txp = readRegister(REG_PA_CONFIG_7X); return txp; } void sx127x::setFrequency(unsigned long frequency) { _frequency = frequency; uint32_t frf = ((uint64_t)frequency << 19) / 32000000; writeRegister(REG_FRF_MSB_7X, (uint8_t)(frf >> 16)); writeRegister(REG_FRF_MID_7X, (uint8_t)(frf >> 8)); writeRegister(REG_FRF_LSB_7X, (uint8_t)(frf >> 0)); optimizeModemSensitivity(); } uint32_t sx127x::getFrequency() { uint8_t msb = readRegister(REG_FRF_MSB_7X); uint8_t mid = readRegister(REG_FRF_MID_7X); uint8_t lsb = readRegister(REG_FRF_LSB_7X); uint32_t frf = ((uint32_t)msb << 16) | ((uint32_t)mid << 8) | (uint32_t)lsb; uint64_t frm = (uint64_t)frf*32000000; uint32_t frequency = (frm >> 19); return frequency; } void sx127x::setSpreadingFactor(int sf) { if (sf < 6) { sf = 6; } else if (sf > 12) { sf = 12; } if (sf == 6) { writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE_7X, 0xc5); writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_THRESHOLD_7X, 0x0c); } else { writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE_7X, 0xc3); writeRegister(REG_DETECTION_THRESHOLD_7X, 0x0a); } writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X, (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X) & 0x0f) | ((sf << 4) & 0xf0)); handleLowDataRate(); } long sx127x::getSignalBandwidth() { byte bw = (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X) >> 4); switch (bw) { case 0: return 7.8E3; case 1: return 10.4E3; case 2: return 15.6E3; case 3: return 20.8E3; case 4: return 31.25E3; case 5: return 41.7E3; case 6: return 62.5E3; case 7: return 125E3; case 8: return 250E3; case 9: return 500E3; } return 0; } void sx127x::setSignalBandwidth(long sbw) { int bw; if (sbw <= 7.8E3) { bw = 0; } else if (sbw <= 10.4E3) { bw = 1; } else if (sbw <= 15.6E3) { bw = 2; } else if (sbw <= 20.8E3) { bw = 3; } else if (sbw <= 31.25E3) { bw = 4; } else if (sbw <= 41.7E3) { bw = 5; } else if (sbw <= 62.5E3) { bw = 6; } else if (sbw <= 125E3) { bw = 7; } else if (sbw <= 250E3) { bw = 8; } else /*if (sbw <= 250E3)*/ { bw = 9; } writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X, (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X) & 0x0f) | (bw << 4)); handleLowDataRate(); optimizeModemSensitivity(); } void sx127x::setCodingRate4(int denominator) { if (denominator < 5) { denominator = 5; } else if (denominator > 8) { denominator = 8; } int cr = denominator - 4; writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X, (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X) & 0xf1) | (cr << 1)); } void sx127x::setPreambleLength(long length) { writeRegister(REG_PREAMBLE_MSB_7X, (uint8_t)(length >> 8)); writeRegister(REG_PREAMBLE_LSB_7X, (uint8_t)(length >> 0)); } void sx127x::handleLowDataRate() { int sf = (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_2_7X) >> 4); if ( long( (1< 16) { // Set auto AGC and LowDataRateOptimize writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3_7X, (1<<3)|(1<<2)); } else { // Only set auto AGC writeRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_3_7X, (1<<2)); } } void sx127x::optimizeModemSensitivity() { byte bw = (readRegister(REG_MODEM_CONFIG_1_7X) >> 4); uint32_t freq = getFrequency(); if (bw == 9 && (410E6 <= freq) && (freq <= 525E6)) { writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1_7X, 0x02); writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_2_7X, 0x7f); } else if (bw == 9 && (820E6 <= freq) && (freq <= 1020E6)) { writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1_7X, 0x02); writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_2_7X, 0x64); } else { writeRegister(REG_HIGH_BW_OPTIMIZE_1_7X, 0x03); } } void ISR_VECT sx127x::handleDio0Rise() { int irqFlags = readRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS_7X); // Clear IRQs writeRegister(REG_IRQ_FLAGS_7X, irqFlags); if ((irqFlags & IRQ_PAYLOAD_CRC_ERROR_MASK_7X) == 0) { _packetIndex = 0; int packetLength = _implicitHeaderMode ? readRegister(REG_PAYLOAD_LENGTH_7X) : readRegister(REG_RX_NB_BYTES_7X); writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR_7X, readRegister(REG_FIFO_RX_CURRENT_ADDR_7X)); if (_onReceive) { _onReceive(packetLength); } writeRegister(REG_FIFO_ADDR_PTR_7X, 0); } } void ISR_VECT sx127x::onDio0Rise() { sx127x_modem.handleDio0Rise(); } sx127x sx127x_modem; #endif