/** * HTTPClient.cpp * * Created on: 02.11.2015 * * Copyright (c) 2015 Markus Sattler. All rights reserved. * This file is part of the HTTPClient for Arduino. * Port to ESP32 by Evandro Luis Copercini (2017), * changed fingerprints to CA verification. * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA * */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "HTTPClient.h" class TransportTraits { public: virtual ~TransportTraits() { } virtual std::unique_ptr create() { return std::unique_ptr(new WiFiClient()); } virtual bool verify(WiFiClient& client, const char* host) { return true; } }; class TLSTraits : public TransportTraits { public: TLSTraits(const char* CAcert, const char* clicert = nullptr, const char* clikey = nullptr) : _cacert(CAcert), _clicert(clicert), _clikey(clikey) { } std::unique_ptr create() override { return std::unique_ptr(new WiFiClientSecure()); } bool verify(WiFiClient& client, const char* host) override { WiFiClientSecure& wcs = static_cast(client); wcs.setCACert(_cacert); wcs.setCertificate(_clicert); wcs.setPrivateKey(_clikey); return true; } protected: const char* _cacert; const char* _clicert; const char* _clikey; }; /** * constructor */ HTTPClient::HTTPClient() { } /** * destructor */ HTTPClient::~HTTPClient() { if(_tcp) { _tcp->stop(); } if(_currentHeaders) { delete[] _currentHeaders; } } void HTTPClient::clear() { _returnCode = 0; _size = -1; _headers = ""; } bool HTTPClient::begin(String url, const char* CAcert) { _transportTraits.reset(nullptr); _port = 443; if (!beginInternal(url, "https")) { return false; } _secure = true; _transportTraits = TransportTraitsPtr(new TLSTraits(CAcert)); return true; } /** * parsing the url for all needed parameters * @param url String */ bool HTTPClient::begin(String url) { _transportTraits.reset(nullptr); _port = 80; if (!beginInternal(url, "http")) { return begin(url, (const char*)NULL); } _transportTraits = TransportTraitsPtr(new TransportTraits()); return true; } bool HTTPClient::beginInternal(String url, const char* expectedProtocol) { log_v("url: %s", url.c_str()); clear(); // check for : (http: or https: int index = url.indexOf(':'); if(index < 0) { log_e("failed to parse protocol"); return false; } _protocol = url.substring(0, index); if (_protocol != expectedProtocol) { log_w("unexpected protocol: %s, expected %s", _protocol.c_str(), expectedProtocol); return false; } url.remove(0, (index + 3)); // remove http:// or https:// index = url.indexOf('/'); String host = url.substring(0, index); url.remove(0, index); // remove host part // get Authorization index = host.indexOf('@'); if(index >= 0) { // auth info String auth = host.substring(0, index); host.remove(0, index + 1); // remove auth part including @ _base64Authorization = base64::encode(auth); } // get port index = host.indexOf(':'); if(index >= 0) { _host = host.substring(0, index); // hostname host.remove(0, (index + 1)); // remove hostname + : _port = host.toInt(); // get port } else { _host = host; } _uri = url; log_d("host: %s port: %d url: %s", _host.c_str(), _port, _uri.c_str()); return true; } bool HTTPClient::begin(String host, uint16_t port, String uri) { clear(); _host = host; _port = port; _uri = uri; _transportTraits = TransportTraitsPtr(new TransportTraits()); log_d("host: %s port: %d uri: %s", host.c_str(), port, uri.c_str()); return true; } bool HTTPClient::begin(String host, uint16_t port, String uri, const char* CAcert) { clear(); _host = host; _port = port; _uri = uri; if (strlen(CAcert) == 0) { return false; } _secure = true; _transportTraits = TransportTraitsPtr(new TLSTraits(CAcert)); return true; } bool HTTPClient::begin(String host, uint16_t port, String uri, const char* CAcert, const char* cli_cert, const char* cli_key) { clear(); _host = host; _port = port; _uri = uri; if (strlen(CAcert) == 0) { return false; } _secure = true; _transportTraits = TransportTraitsPtr(new TLSTraits(CAcert, cli_cert, cli_key)); return true; } /** * end * called after the payload is handled */ void HTTPClient::end(void) { if(connected()) { if(_tcp->available() > 0) { log_d("still data in buffer (%d), clean up.", _tcp->available()); _tcp->flush(); } if(_reuse && _canReuse) { log_d("tcp keep open for reuse"); } else { log_d("tcp stop"); _tcp->stop(); } } else { log_v("tcp is closed"); } } /** * connected * @return connected status */ bool HTTPClient::connected() { if(_tcp) { return (_tcp->connected() || (_tcp->available() > 0)); } return false; } /** * try to reuse the connection to the server * keep-alive * @param reuse bool */ void HTTPClient::setReuse(bool reuse) { _reuse = reuse; } /** * set User Agent * @param userAgent const char * */ void HTTPClient::setUserAgent(const String& userAgent) { _userAgent = userAgent; } /** * set the Authorizatio for the http request * @param user const char * * @param password const char * */ void HTTPClient::setAuthorization(const char * user, const char * password) { if(user && password) { String auth = user; auth += ":"; auth += password; _base64Authorization = base64::encode(auth); } } /** * set the Authorizatio for the http request * @param auth const char * base64 */ void HTTPClient::setAuthorization(const char * auth) { if(auth) { _base64Authorization = auth; } } /** * set the timeout for the TCP connection * @param timeout unsigned int */ void HTTPClient::setTimeout(uint16_t timeout) { _tcpTimeout = timeout; if(connected() && !_secure) { _tcp->setTimeout(timeout); } } /** * use HTTP1.0 * @param timeout */ void HTTPClient::useHTTP10(bool useHTTP10) { _useHTTP10 = useHTTP10; } /** * send a GET request * @return http code */ int HTTPClient::GET() { return sendRequest("GET"); } /** * sends a post request to the server * @param payload uint8_t * * @param size size_t * @return http code */ int HTTPClient::POST(uint8_t * payload, size_t size) { return sendRequest("POST", payload, size); } int HTTPClient::POST(String payload) { return POST((uint8_t *) payload.c_str(), payload.length()); } /** * sends a put request to the server * @param payload uint8_t * * @param size size_t * @return http code */ int HTTPClient::PUT(uint8_t * payload, size_t size) { return sendRequest("PUT", payload, size); } int HTTPClient::PUT(String payload) { return PUT((uint8_t *) payload.c_str(), payload.length()); } /** * sendRequest * @param type const char * "GET", "POST", .... * @param payload String data for the message body * @return */ int HTTPClient::sendRequest(const char * type, String payload) { return sendRequest(type, (uint8_t *) payload.c_str(), payload.length()); } /** * sendRequest * @param type const char * "GET", "POST", .... * @param payload uint8_t * data for the message body if null not send * @param size size_t size for the message body if 0 not send * @return -1 if no info or > 0 when Content-Length is set by server */ int HTTPClient::sendRequest(const char * type, uint8_t * payload, size_t size) { // connect to server if(!connect()) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_CONNECTION_REFUSED); } if(payload && size > 0) { addHeader(F("Content-Length"), String(size)); } // send Header if(!sendHeader(type)) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_HEADER_FAILED); } // send Payload if needed if(payload && size > 0) { if(_tcp->write(&payload[0], size) != size) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_PAYLOAD_FAILED); } } // handle Server Response (Header) return returnError(handleHeaderResponse()); } /** * sendRequest * @param type const char * "GET", "POST", .... * @param stream Stream * data stream for the message body * @param size size_t size for the message body if 0 not Content-Length is send * @return -1 if no info or > 0 when Content-Length is set by server */ int HTTPClient::sendRequest(const char * type, Stream * stream, size_t size) { if(!stream) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_NO_STREAM); } // connect to server if(!connect()) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_CONNECTION_REFUSED); } if(size > 0) { addHeader("Content-Length", String(size)); } // send Header if(!sendHeader(type)) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_HEADER_FAILED); } int buff_size = HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE; int len = size; int bytesWritten = 0; if(len == 0) { len = -1; } // if possible create smaller buffer then HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE if((len > 0) && (len < HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE)) { buff_size = len; } // create buffer for read uint8_t * buff = (uint8_t *) malloc(buff_size); if(buff) { // read all data from stream and send it to server while(connected() && (stream->available() > -1) && (len > 0 || len == -1)) { // get available data size int sizeAvailable = stream->available(); if(sizeAvailable) { int readBytes = sizeAvailable; // read only the asked bytes if(len > 0 && readBytes > len) { readBytes = len; } // not read more the buffer can handle if(readBytes > buff_size) { readBytes = buff_size; } // read data int bytesRead = stream->readBytes(buff, readBytes); // write it to Stream int bytesWrite = _tcp->write((const uint8_t *) buff, bytesRead); bytesWritten += bytesWrite; // are all Bytes a writen to stream ? if(bytesWrite != bytesRead) { log_d("short write, asked for %d but got %d retry...", bytesRead, bytesWrite); // check for write error if(_tcp->getWriteError()) { log_d("stream write error %d", _tcp->getWriteError()); //reset write error for retry _tcp->clearWriteError(); } // some time for the stream delay(1); int leftBytes = (readBytes - bytesWrite); // retry to send the missed bytes bytesWrite = _tcp->write((const uint8_t *) (buff + bytesWrite), leftBytes); bytesWritten += bytesWrite; if(bytesWrite != leftBytes) { // failed again log_d("short write, asked for %d but got %d failed.", leftBytes, bytesWrite); free(buff); return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_PAYLOAD_FAILED); } } // check for write error if(_tcp->getWriteError()) { log_d("stream write error %d", _tcp->getWriteError()); free(buff); return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_PAYLOAD_FAILED); } // count bytes to read left if(len > 0) { len -= readBytes; } delay(0); } else { delay(1); } } free(buff); if(size && (int) size != bytesWritten) { log_d("Stream payload bytesWritten %d and size %d mismatch!.", bytesWritten, size); log_d("ERROR SEND PAYLOAD FAILED!"); return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_PAYLOAD_FAILED); } else { log_d("Stream payload written: %d", bytesWritten); } } else { log_d("too less ram! need %d", HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE); return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_TOO_LESS_RAM); } // handle Server Response (Header) return returnError(handleHeaderResponse()); } /** * size of message body / payload * @return -1 if no info or > 0 when Content-Length is set by server */ int HTTPClient::getSize(void) { return _size; } /** * returns the stream of the tcp connection * @return WiFiClient */ WiFiClient& HTTPClient::getStream(void) { if (connected() && !_secure) { return *_tcp; } log_w("getStream: not connected"); static WiFiClient empty; return empty; } /** * returns a pointer to the stream of the tcp connection * @return WiFiClient* */ WiFiClient* HTTPClient::getStreamPtr(void) { if(connected()) { return _tcp.get(); } log_w("getStreamPtr: not connected"); return nullptr; } /** * write all message body / payload to Stream * @param stream Stream * * @return bytes written ( negative values are error codes ) */ int HTTPClient::writeToStream(Stream * stream) { if(!stream) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_NO_STREAM); } if(!connected()) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_NOT_CONNECTED); } // get length of document (is -1 when Server sends no Content-Length header) int len = _size; int ret = 0; if(_transferEncoding == HTTPC_TE_IDENTITY) { ret = writeToStreamDataBlock(stream, len); // have we an error? if(ret < 0) { return returnError(ret); } } else if(_transferEncoding == HTTPC_TE_CHUNKED) { int size = 0; while(1) { if(!connected()) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_CONNECTION_LOST); } String chunkHeader = _tcp->readStringUntil('\n'); if(chunkHeader.length() <= 0) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_READ_TIMEOUT); } chunkHeader.trim(); // remove \r // read size of chunk len = (uint32_t) strtol((const char *) chunkHeader.c_str(), NULL, 16); size += len; log_d(" read chunk len: %d", len); // data left? if(len > 0) { int r = writeToStreamDataBlock(stream, len); if(r < 0) { // error in writeToStreamDataBlock return returnError(r); } ret += r; } else { // if no length Header use global chunk size if(_size <= 0) { _size = size; } // check if we have write all data out if(ret != _size) { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_STREAM_WRITE); } break; } // read trailing \r\n at the end of the chunk char buf[2]; auto trailing_seq_len = _tcp->readBytes((uint8_t*)buf, 2); if (trailing_seq_len != 2 || buf[0] != '\r' || buf[1] != '\n') { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_READ_TIMEOUT); } delay(0); } } else { return returnError(HTTPC_ERROR_ENCODING); } end(); return ret; } /** * return all payload as String (may need lot of ram or trigger out of memory!) * @return String */ String HTTPClient::getString(void) { StreamString sstring; if(_size) { // try to reserve needed memmory if(!sstring.reserve((_size + 1))) { log_d("not enough memory to reserve a string! need: %d", (_size + 1)); return ""; } } writeToStream(&sstring); return sstring; } /** * converts error code to String * @param error int * @return String */ String HTTPClient::errorToString(int error) { switch(error) { case HTTPC_ERROR_CONNECTION_REFUSED: return F("connection refused"); case HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_HEADER_FAILED: return F("send header failed"); case HTTPC_ERROR_SEND_PAYLOAD_FAILED: return F("send payload failed"); case HTTPC_ERROR_NOT_CONNECTED: return F("not connected"); case HTTPC_ERROR_CONNECTION_LOST: return F("connection lost"); case HTTPC_ERROR_NO_STREAM: return F("no stream"); case HTTPC_ERROR_NO_HTTP_SERVER: return F("no HTTP server"); case HTTPC_ERROR_TOO_LESS_RAM: return F("too less ram"); case HTTPC_ERROR_ENCODING: return F("Transfer-Encoding not supported"); case HTTPC_ERROR_STREAM_WRITE: return F("Stream write error"); case HTTPC_ERROR_READ_TIMEOUT: return F("read Timeout"); default: return String(); } } /** * adds Header to the request * @param name * @param value * @param first */ void HTTPClient::addHeader(const String& name, const String& value, bool first, bool replace) { // not allow set of Header handled by code if(!name.equalsIgnoreCase(F("Connection")) && !name.equalsIgnoreCase(F("User-Agent")) && !name.equalsIgnoreCase(F("Host")) && !(name.equalsIgnoreCase(F("Authorization")) && _base64Authorization.length())){ String headerLine = name; headerLine += ": "; if (replace) { int headerStart = _headers.indexOf(headerLine); if (headerStart != -1) { int headerEnd = _headers.indexOf('\n', headerStart); _headers = _headers.substring(0, headerStart) + _headers.substring(headerEnd + 1); } } headerLine += value; headerLine += "\r\n"; if(first) { _headers = headerLine + _headers; } else { _headers += headerLine; } } } void HTTPClient::collectHeaders(const char* headerKeys[], const size_t headerKeysCount) { _headerKeysCount = headerKeysCount; if(_currentHeaders) { delete[] _currentHeaders; } _currentHeaders = new RequestArgument[_headerKeysCount]; for(size_t i = 0; i < _headerKeysCount; i++) { _currentHeaders[i].key = headerKeys[i]; } } String HTTPClient::header(const char* name) { for(size_t i = 0; i < _headerKeysCount; ++i) { if(_currentHeaders[i].key == name) { return _currentHeaders[i].value; } } return String(); } String HTTPClient::header(size_t i) { if(i < _headerKeysCount) { return _currentHeaders[i].value; } return String(); } String HTTPClient::headerName(size_t i) { if(i < _headerKeysCount) { return _currentHeaders[i].key; } return String(); } int HTTPClient::headers() { return _headerKeysCount; } bool HTTPClient::hasHeader(const char* name) { for(size_t i = 0; i < _headerKeysCount; ++i) { if((_currentHeaders[i].key == name) && (_currentHeaders[i].value.length() > 0)) { return true; } } return false; } /** * init TCP connection and handle ssl verify if needed * @return true if connection is ok */ bool HTTPClient::connect(void) { if(connected()) { log_d("already connected, try reuse!"); while(_tcp->available() > 0) { _tcp->read(); } return true; } if (!_transportTraits) { log_d("HTTPClient::begin was not called or returned error"); return false; } _tcp = _transportTraits->create(); if (!_transportTraits->verify(*_tcp, _host.c_str())) { log_d("transport level verify failed"); _tcp->stop(); return false; } if(!_tcp->connect(_host.c_str(), _port)) { log_d("failed connect to %s:%u", _host.c_str(), _port); return false; } log_d(" connected to %s:%u", _host.c_str(), _port); // set Timeout for readBytesUntil and readStringUntil setTimeout(_tcpTimeout); /* #ifdef ESP8266 _tcp->setNoDelay(true); #endif */ return connected(); } /** * sends HTTP request header * @param type (GET, POST, ...) * @return status */ bool HTTPClient::sendHeader(const char * type) { if(!connected()) { return false; } String header = String(type) + " " + _uri + F(" HTTP/1."); if(_useHTTP10) { header += "0"; } else { header += "1"; } header += String(F("\r\nHost: ")) + _host; if (_port != 80 && _port != 443) { header += ':'; header += String(_port); } header += String(F("\r\nUser-Agent: ")) + _userAgent + F("\r\nConnection: "); if(_reuse) { header += F("keep-alive"); } else { header += F("close"); } header += "\r\n"; if(!_useHTTP10) { header += F("Accept-Encoding: identity;q=1,chunked;q=0.1,*;q=0\r\n"); } if(_base64Authorization.length()) { _base64Authorization.replace("\n", ""); header += F("Authorization: Basic "); header += _base64Authorization; header += "\r\n"; } header += _headers + "\r\n"; return (_tcp->write((const uint8_t *) header.c_str(), header.length()) == header.length()); } /** * reads the response from the server * @return int http code */ int HTTPClient::handleHeaderResponse() { if(!connected()) { return HTTPC_ERROR_NOT_CONNECTED; } String transferEncoding; _returnCode = -1; _size = -1; _transferEncoding = HTTPC_TE_IDENTITY; unsigned long lastDataTime = millis(); while(connected()) { size_t len = _tcp->available(); if(len > 0) { String headerLine = _tcp->readStringUntil('\n'); headerLine.trim(); // remove \r lastDataTime = millis(); log_v("RX: '%s'", headerLine.c_str()); if(headerLine.startsWith("HTTP/1.")) { _returnCode = headerLine.substring(9, headerLine.indexOf(' ', 9)).toInt(); } else if(headerLine.indexOf(':')) { String headerName = headerLine.substring(0, headerLine.indexOf(':')); String headerValue = headerLine.substring(headerLine.indexOf(':') + 1); headerValue.trim(); if(headerName.equalsIgnoreCase("Content-Length")) { _size = headerValue.toInt(); } if(headerName.equalsIgnoreCase("Connection")) { _canReuse = headerValue.equalsIgnoreCase("keep-alive"); } if(headerName.equalsIgnoreCase("Transfer-Encoding")) { transferEncoding = headerValue; } for(size_t i = 0; i < _headerKeysCount; i++) { if(_currentHeaders[i].key.equalsIgnoreCase(headerName)) { _currentHeaders[i].value = headerValue; break; } } } if(headerLine == "") { log_d("code: %d", _returnCode); if(_size > 0) { log_d("size: %d", _size); } if(transferEncoding.length() > 0) { log_d("Transfer-Encoding: %s", transferEncoding.c_str()); if(transferEncoding.equalsIgnoreCase("chunked")) { _transferEncoding = HTTPC_TE_CHUNKED; } else { return HTTPC_ERROR_ENCODING; } } else { _transferEncoding = HTTPC_TE_IDENTITY; } if(_returnCode) { return _returnCode; } else { log_d("Remote host is not an HTTP Server!"); return HTTPC_ERROR_NO_HTTP_SERVER; } } } else { if((millis() - lastDataTime) > _tcpTimeout) { return HTTPC_ERROR_READ_TIMEOUT; } delay(10); } } return HTTPC_ERROR_CONNECTION_LOST; } /** * write one Data Block to Stream * @param stream Stream * * @param size int * @return < 0 = error >= 0 = size written */ int HTTPClient::writeToStreamDataBlock(Stream * stream, int size) { int buff_size = HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE; int len = size; int bytesWritten = 0; // if possible create smaller buffer then HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE if((len > 0) && (len < HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE)) { buff_size = len; } // create buffer for read uint8_t * buff = (uint8_t *) malloc(buff_size); if(buff) { // read all data from server while(connected() && (len > 0 || len == -1)) { // get available data size size_t sizeAvailable = _tcp->available(); if(sizeAvailable) { int readBytes = sizeAvailable; // read only the asked bytes if(len > 0 && readBytes > len) { readBytes = len; } // not read more the buffer can handle if(readBytes > buff_size) { readBytes = buff_size; } // read data int bytesRead = _tcp->readBytes(buff, readBytes); // write it to Stream int bytesWrite = stream->write(buff, bytesRead); bytesWritten += bytesWrite; // are all Bytes a writen to stream ? if(bytesWrite != bytesRead) { log_d("short write asked for %d but got %d retry...", bytesRead, bytesWrite); // check for write error if(stream->getWriteError()) { log_d("stream write error %d", stream->getWriteError()); //reset write error for retry stream->clearWriteError(); } // some time for the stream delay(1); int leftBytes = (readBytes - bytesWrite); // retry to send the missed bytes bytesWrite = stream->write((buff + bytesWrite), leftBytes); bytesWritten += bytesWrite; if(bytesWrite != leftBytes) { // failed again log_w("short write asked for %d but got %d failed.", leftBytes, bytesWrite); free(buff); return HTTPC_ERROR_STREAM_WRITE; } } // check for write error if(stream->getWriteError()) { log_w("stream write error %d", stream->getWriteError()); free(buff); return HTTPC_ERROR_STREAM_WRITE; } // count bytes to read left if(len > 0) { len -= readBytes; } delay(0); } else { delay(1); } } free(buff); log_d("connection closed or file end (written: %d).", bytesWritten); if((size > 0) && (size != bytesWritten)) { log_d("bytesWritten %d and size %d mismatch!.", bytesWritten, size); return HTTPC_ERROR_STREAM_WRITE; } } else { log_w("too less ram! need %d", HTTP_TCP_BUFFER_SIZE); return HTTPC_ERROR_TOO_LESS_RAM; } return bytesWritten; } /** * called to handle error return, may disconnect the connection if still exists * @param error * @return error */ int HTTPClient::returnError(int error) { if(error < 0) { log_w("error(%d): %s", error, errorToString(error).c_str()); if(connected()) { log_d("tcp stop"); _tcp->stop(); } } return error; }